Soils trace element concentrations

Sato K, Sada K. 1992. Effects of emissions from a coal-fired power plant on surface soil trace element concentrations. Atmos Environ Pt 26A 325-331. 

The primary sources of trace elements in soils are the parent materials from which soils are derived. These parent materials constitute the reserve for trace elements. Concentrations of trace elements in soils are directly dependent upon their abundance in the earth crust. In general, concentrations of most trace elements in global soils are from one third to three times those in the earth s crust. The logarithm ratios of their concentrations in the global soils over the earth s crust are in the range 0.5 (Fig. 2.2). 

Northern Californian soils have higher concentrations of Cr, Co, Cu and Ni than southern California since there are volcanic ultramafic rocks in northern California. Ultramafic rocks are mostly serpentine, a magnesium silicate with associated high amounts of Ni and Cr. Soils formed on serpentine parent materials contain high to extremely high Ni and Cr concentrations in soils. Soil parent material is a factor mostly controlling trace element concentrations in soils. 

Figure 7.1. Trace element concentrations in plants on California Donimo soil (pH 7.5) amended with metal sulfate-enriched sludge (Data from Mitchell et al., 1978)...

Because trace element concentrations in the soil solution of arid soils are very low, the exchangeable trace elements on various solid-phase components become important in supplying plants. Among various solid-phase components, the exchangeable trace elements are the most bioavailable... 

Bradford G.R., Page A.L., Lund L.J., Olmstead W. Trace element concentrations of sewage treatment plant effluents and sludges Their interactions with soils and uptake by plants. J Environ Qual 1975 4 123-127. 

Chopin E. I. B., Black S., Hodson M.E., Coleman M.L., Alloway B.J. A preliminary investigation into mining and smelting impacts on trace element concentrations in the soils and vegetation around Tharsis, SW Spain. Mineral Soc Great Britain Ireland 2003 67 279-288. 

Johnson C.D., Vance G.F. Long-term land application of biosolids soil and plant trace element concentrations. University of Wyoming, Cooperative Extension Service, B-1062. 1998... 

Figure 7.1. Elovich model (b), respectively. Soils were incubated under the saturation paste regime (modified after Han et al., 2002b. Reprinted from J Environ Sci Health, Part A, 137, Han F.X., Banin A., Kingery W.L., Li Z.P., Pathways and kinetics of transformation of cobalt among solid-phase components in arid-zone soils, p 192, Copyright (2003), with permission from Taylor Francis). Trace element concentrations in plants on California Donimo soil (pH 7.5) amended with metal sulfate-enriched sludge (Data from Mitchell et al., 1978).

Vasylyeva T.L., Duka Y.D., Ogorodny V.V., Kharitonov N., 1997. Relation between Trace Elements Concentration in Soils and the Health of Humans in Ukraine. Fourth International Conference on the Biogeochemistry of Trace Elements, pp.51-52. 

Morrison, J.M., Goldhaber, M.B., Holloway, J.M., Smith, D.B. 2008. Major- and trace-element concentrations in soils from northern... 

Smith, D.B., Cannon, W.F., Woodruff, L.G., Garrett, R.G., Klassen, R.D., Kilburn, J.E., Horton, J.D., King, H.D., Goldhaber, M.B., Morrison, J.M. 2005. Major- and trace-element concentrations in soils from two continental-scale transects of the United States and Canada. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1253. 

Table 8.10 Range of selected trace element concentrations in dry, digested sewage sludge and in comparison to element concentrations in median sludges and in soils (Chaney 1989)...

Table 14.2 Estimated trace element concentrations in soil solutions (based on Senesi and Loffredo 2005, and Sauve and Parker 2000)...

Some typical and preferred heavy and trace element concentrations for soils and municipal composts are shown in Table 5.3. The levels in soils are typical for dilute aqueous extractants such as 0.05 M EDTA, 0.5 M acetic acid, hot water for boron, and, for molybdenum, Tamm s reagent (acid ammonium oxalate Reisenauer, 1965). Tables in the literature often give total values obtained spectrographically, by XRF, or by extraction with hot... 

Table 5.3. Some typical and preferred heavy and trace element concentrations for soils and composts various local regulations specify different maximum levels.

Heit M, Schofield C, Driscoll CT, et al. 1989. Trace element concentrations in fish from three Adirondack lakes New York USA with different pH values. Water Air Soil Pollut 44 9-30. 

Walraven, N., Van Os, B.J.H., Klaver, G.Th. et al. (1997) Trace element concentrations and stable lead isotopes in soils as tracers of lead pollution in Graft-de Rijp, the Netherlands. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 59(1), 47-58. 

Heit M, Klusek CS. 1985. Trace element concentrations in the dorsal muscle of white suckers and brown bullheads from two acidic Adirondack lakes. Water Air Soil Pollut 25 87-96. 

Table 9.1 Examples of trace element concentrations (mmol m 3) in soil solution...

Vaisanen, A. and A. Hander. 2006. Optimization of operating conditions of axially and radially viewed plasmas for the determination of trace element concentrations form ultrasound-assisted digests of soil samples contaminated by lead pellets. Anal. Chim. Acta 570 93-100. 

Little has yet been done to put the presentation of soil data on a firm statistical footing and most compilations merely summarise the elemental values recorded in the literature. Such summaries may well be biased by an inherent research interest in unusually high or unusually low concentrations. In recent years there has been a movement towards reporting trace element concentrations in terms of probability ranges for carefully defined parent materials. 

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