Sodium , monohydrate

If 20 grins, of sulphuric acid be diluted with 100 c.c. of water, and the liquid divided into two equal parts, one part neutralized with a soln. of sodium hydroxide and then mixed with the other, crystals of sodium monohydrated sulphate will be obtained if the filtered soln. be cone, by evaporation, and allowed to crystallize from a cold soln. in a desiccator. 

In preparing sodium monohydrated carbonate, the wet crystals may combine with the adherent mother liquor, forming the decahydrated salt, and this accounts for the high results usually obtained in determinations of the amouut of water in the crystals and it possibly explains how a number of other hydrated salts have been reported at different times. The evidence of the individuality of the crystals of sodium carbonate with 2, 2 , 3, 5, or 6H20 is quite inadequate. 

SYNS BACTOPEN BRL-1621 6-(3-(o-CHLORO-PHENYL)-5-METHYL-4-ISOXAZOLECARBOXAMIDEO)-3,3-DIMETHYL-7-OXO-4-THIA-l-AZABICYCLO(3.2.0)-HEPTANE-2-CARBOXYUC ACID, SODIUM SALT, MONOHYDRATE CLOXACILLIN SODIUM MONOHYDRATE CLOXAPEN CLOXYPEN ... 

Figure 11 Influence of the form of solid and of moisture on the photostability of a beta-lactamase inhibitor BRL42715A (amorphous) and BRL42715B (sodium monohydrate). (A) ( ) 90% r.h., (B) ( ) 90% r.h.,...

Coiro V M, Manigrasso M, Mazza F and Poehetti G 1987 Struoture of a trielinie phase of sodium dodeeyl sulfate monohydrate. A eomparison with other sodium dodeeyl sulfate erystal phases Acfa Crystallogr. C 43 850-4... 

Sodium carbonate monohydrate crystals from the crystallizers are concentrated in hydroclones and dewatered on centrifuges to between 2 and 6% free moisture. This centrifuge cake is sent to dryers where the product is calcined 150°C to anhydrous soda ash, screened, and readied for shipment. Soda ash from this process typically has a bulk density between 0.99—1.04 g/mL with an average particle size of about 250 p.m. 

Trisodium hexakiscyanoferrate [14217-21-17, Na2[Fe(CN) J, forms red hygroscopic crystals that are soluble in water. A monohydrate [13755-37-8] and a dihydrate [36249-31-7] are also known. The sodium salt is used for many of the same purposes as the potassium salt. 

Sofid sodium permanganate monohydrate has been shown to be a selective synthetic reagent (156). It is typically used in hexane for the heterogeneous oxidation of aldehydes, alcohols, and sulfides. Synthetic methodology based on crystal surfaces exhibited greater selectivity, higher yield, and easier work-up as compared to aqueous permanganate reactions. 

Sodium Peroxoborate. Sodium peroxoborate [10332-33-9] (sodium perborate monohydrate), Na2[82(02)2(011)4], formerly written as NaBO H20, is known only as a microcrystalline powder, made by dehydrating the hexahydrate. The crystal stmcture has not been deterrnined, but the vibrational spectmm (27) indicates the presence of the same cycHc peroxodiborate anion (4) as that in the hexahydrate as well as in the tetrahydrate. 

In 1993, the world capacity for sodium peroxoborate hexahydrate (tetrahydrate) was about 900,000 metric tons, of which about one-third was converted to the dehydrated compound (monohydrate). At the then prevailing prices, the total value of this business was about 6 x 10 . The world capacity for sodium carbonate peroxohydrate (percarbonate) was about 60,000 metric tons, valued at about 70 x 10 . ... 

Excess calcium hydroxide is precipitated by usiag carbon dioxide and the calcium carbonate, calcium hydroxide, and calcium phosphite are removed by filtration. The filtered solution is treated with an equivalent amount of sodium sulfate or sodium carbonate to precipitate calcium sulfate or carbonate. Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate [10039-56-2] is recovered upon concentration of the solution. Phosphinic acid is produced from the sodium salt by ion exchange (qv). The acid is sold as a 50 wt %, 30—32 wt %, or 10 wt % solution. The 30—32 wt % solution is sold as USP grade (Table 12) (63). Phosphinic acid and its salts are strong reduciag agents, especially ia alkaline solution (65). 

X-ray crystallographic analysis of the sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate [10102-17-7] crystal indicates a tetrahedral stmcture for the thiosulfate ion. The S—S bond distance is 197 pm the S—O bond distance is 148 pm (5). Neutron diffraction of a barium thiosulfate monohydrate [7787-40-8] crystal confirms the tetrahedral stmcture and bond distances for the thiosulfate ion (6). 

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