Synthetic reagents

Methyl crotonate (IV) yields the valuable synthetic reagent methyl Y-bromo-crotonate (V) ... 

Thionyl chloride is a synthetic reagent used to convert alcohols to alkyl chlorides... 

Sofid sodium permanganate monohydrate has been shown to be a selective synthetic reagent (156). It is typically used in hexane for the heterogeneous oxidation of aldehydes, alcohols, and sulfides. Synthetic methodology based on crystal surfaces exhibited greater selectivity, higher yield, and easier work-up as compared to aqueous permanganate reactions. 

The highly ionic thaHic nitrate, which is soluble in alcohols, ethers, and carboxyhc acids, is also a very useful synthetic reagent. Oxidation of olefins, a,P-unsaturated carbonyl compounds, P-carbonyl sulfides, and a-nitrato ketones can aH be conveniently carried out in good yields (31,34—36). 

The tetra alkyl amm onium salts of [B Hg] , formed by ion-exchange reactions, have proven to be useful synthetic reagents because of their thermal and air stabihties. The stmcture of the [B Hg] ion has been determined by an x-ray study (66) and shown to have the 2013 styx stmcture, C2 symmetry. Mechanisms for the formation of this ion have been proposed (67). Tetraborane(lO) can be easily obtained from salts of [B Hg] (eq. 9). 

One-carbon fluonnated compounds are used as synthetic reagents and in many theoretical inquines of structure and spectroscopy Twenty fluorohalomethanes are listed in Table 1 [56, 57, 58 59, 60, 61, 62] Fluorocarbons llBl, 22B1, and 31B1 and 12 of 15 lodofluoromethanes are not listed because of a lack of NMR data Most of the if-F values are taken from the older literature [57, 59], obtained from... 

Organometallic compounds of the alkali metals (particularly LiMe and LiBu") are valuable synthetic reagents and have been increasingly used in industrial and laboratory-scale organic syntheses during the past 20 y,(86,94,95) annual produc-... 

N-Substituted pyridinium salts are important synthetic reagents in many fields of organic chemistry, as evidenced by several comprehensive reviews that deal with their chemistry and reactions [53AG605 62AG811 63AG181 ... 

Over the last decade V-(l-haloalkyl)pyridinium salts and analagous compounds have been developed as important synthetic reagents. In a joint contribution from the Universities of Friedrich Schiller, Germany, and Mons, Belgium, Professors E. Anders and J. J. Vanden Eynde and Dr. K. Wermann give an authoritative account of these interesting and important compounds. 

S.S. Pizey, Synthetic Reagents, Vol. 1, Lithium Aluminium Hydride, S. 101. Ellis Horwood Ltd., Chichester 1974. 

J.S. Pezey, Synthetic Reagents, Vol. II, John Wiley Sons, New York 1974. 

II. Plasma-Generated Trifluoromethyl Radicals as a Synthetic Reagent.. . 181... 

For a review of this reagent in organic synthesis, see Jeyaraman, R. in Pizey Synthetic Reagents, vol. 5 Wiley NY, 1983, p. 9. 

---