Marie Sklodowska

Mercedes, 978 Cremer Dieter, 457 Crepeau Claude, 3, 51 Cowan Clyde L., 593 Crick, Francis H.C., 345 Csaszar Attila G., 154 Csizmadia Imre G., 477 Curie-Sklodowska Marie, 886, 926... 

Coulson Charles A. 328, 691 Cowan Clyde L. 511 Crafts James Mason 703 Cram Donald James 745 Crego Calama Mercedes 856 Cremer Dieter 388 Crepeau Claude 3, 47 Crick Francis 285 Csaszar Attila G. 139 Csizmadia Imre G. 406 Curie-Sklodowska Marie 765, 805 Curtiss Charles F. 760... 

Ref. 5, Chap. 29, pp. 803-43. See also E. Farber, Nobel Prize Winners in Chemistry 1901 1961, Abelard-Schuman, London, Marie Sklodowska Curie, pp. 45-8. F. C. Wood, Marie Curie, in E. Farber (ed.). Great Chemists, pp. 1263-75. Interscience, New York, 1961. 

Marie and Irene Curie, and their husbands, Pierre Curie and Frederic Joliot. Marie Curie (1867-1934) was born Maria Sklodowska in Warsaw, Poland, then a part of the Russian empire. In 1891 she emigrated to Paris to study at the Sorbonne, where she met and married a French physicist, Pierre Curie (1859-1906). The Curies were associates of Henri Becquerel, the man who discovered that uranium salts are radioactive. They showed that thorium, like uranium, is radioactive and that the amount of radiation emitted is directly proportional to the amount of uranium or thorium in the sample. 

In 1896, the French scientist Fienri Becquerel happened to store a sample of uranium oxide in a drawer that contained some photographic plates (Fig. 17.2). He was astonished to find that the uranium compound darkened the plates even though they were covered with an opaque material. Becquerel realized that the uranium compound must give off some kind of radiation. Marie Sklodowska Curie (Fig. 17.3), a young Polish doctoral student, showed that the radiation, which she called radioactivity, was emitted by uranium regardless of the compound in which it was found. She concluded that the source must be the uranium atoms themselves. Together with her husband, Pierre, she went on to show that thorium, radium, and polonium are also radioactive. 

The first meeting in the CPE series was organized by Professor Lucjan Pawlowski and Dr. William Lacy in 1976 at the Marie Curie-Sklodowska University in Lublin, Poland. The conference dealt with various physicochemical methodologies for water and wastewater treatment research projects that were jointly sponsored by the United State Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and Poland. 

Polonium - the atomic number is 84 and the chemical symbol is Po. This radioactive metal was also known as radium-F. The name derives from Poland , the native country of Marie Sklodowska Curie. It was discovered by Pierre and Marie Curie in 1898, from its radioactivity. It was independently found by the German chemist Willy Marckwald in 1902 and called radiotellurium. The longest half-life associated with this unstable element is 102 year ° Po. 

Marie Sklodowska Curie (1867—1934) and Pierre Curie (1859—1906) are credited with discovering polonium as they sought the source of radiation in pitchblende after they removed the uranium from its ore. Their discovery in 1898 led to the modern concepts of the nucleus of the atom, its structure, and how it reacts. 

In 1898 Marie Sklodowska Curie (1867-1934), while experimenting with thorium and uranium, coined the word radioactivity to describe this newly discovered type of radiation. She went on to discover polonium and radium. Madam Curie and her husband Pierre Curie (1859—1906), who discovered the piezoelectric effect, which is used to measure the level of radiation, and Henri Becquerel jointly received the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics for their work on radioactivity. 

The E-pH diagram for 10 M Ra is presented in Figure 6.6. This concentration is used because such a solution of the most long-lived radium isotope Ra-226 (half-life 1620 years) would be decaying at the rate of about 3 billion atoms per minute per liter. Such a radioactivity could be worked with given special apparatus and precautions, but more concentrated solutions would require more demanding measures. The discovery of the element Ra was in 1898 by Marie Sklodowska Curie, Pierre Curie, and M. G. Bemont who isolated its salts from large quantities of pitchblende. 

Together, this famous couple, Pierre Curie, 1859-1906, and Mme. Marie Sklodowska Curie, 1867-1934, discovered radium and polonium, and founded the beneficent science of radioactivity. Pierre served as professor of physics at the Sorbonne, and collaborated with his brother, Jacques Curie, in the discovery and investigation of piezo-electricity. He introduced the concept of symmetry in physical phenomena and studied magnetic properties as a function of temperature. Marie served as professor of radioactivity at the University of Paris. 

The amazingly rapid development of the science of radioactivity is largely due to the brilliant work of M. Pierre Curie and his wife, Mme. Marie Sklodowska Curie. The former was born in Paris on May 15, 1859, and was educated by his cultured parents. Many happy hours were spent on excursions to the country, and thus this city child grew up in intimate contact with nature, collecting plants and animals and enjoying them in quiet contemplation. While serving as director of the laboratory under Paul Schiitzenberger at the School of Physics and Chem-... 

Marie Sklodowska, a daughter of Dr. Sklodowski, a professor of physics and mathematics at the Warsaw gymnasium, was bom on November 7, 1867. Because of the early death of her gifted mother, the little girl grew up in her father s laboratory and under his instruction. She soon developed a passionate love of country and joined a secret society of students who organized evening classes for laborers and peasants. However, because of the limited opportunities for advanced study, she decided to leave her beloved motherland and go to Paris (99). 

During the four years of her student life, she lived in a chilly little attic room, carrying the coal herself up the six flights of stairs, and cooking her simple meals over an alcohol lamp. This was Marie Sklodowska s introduction to the city which became her permanent home (4, 68). When she enrolled at the Sorbonne, Henri Poincare, the famous mathematical physicist, soon recognized her ability, and Professor Gabriel Lippmann also took great interest in her research. 

Editor s outlook. Marie Sklodowska Curie, ]. Chem. Educ., 7, 225—7 (Feb.,... 

Birth of Marie Sklodowska (Mme. Curie) at Warsaw, Poland. Janssen and Lockyer independently observe the D line of helium in the sun s chromosphere. 

A couple of years later, one of Becquerel s students, Marie Sklodowska Curie (1867—1934), shown in Figure 4.3, became keenly interested in this strange form of radiation. She showed that the radiation was also emitted by several other elements known at the time and suggested that it should be possible to isolate yet undiscovered elements by studying any radiation they might be emitting. Using chemical techniques, she and her husband, Pierre Curie... 

Curie, Marie Sklodowska. (1867-1034). Physical chemist, born in Warsaw, received doctorate at the Sorbonne in 1904 succeeded husband,... 

FIGURE 17.2 Henri Becquerel discovered radioactivity when he noticed that an FIGURE 17.3 Marie Sklodowska unexposed photographic plate left near some uranium oxide became fogged. This Curie (1867-1934). photograph shows one of his original plates. 

Because of its extremely low abundance, short half-life, and high radioactivity, neither francium nor its compounds have economic applications. see also Alkali Metals Curie, Marie Sklodowska Mendeleev, Dimitri Radioactivity. 

O. Szymona, H. Kowalska and M. Szymona (1969). Search for inducible sugar kinass in Mycobacterium phlei. Ann. Univ. Marie Curie-Sklodowska, 24,1. 

Marie Sklodowska Curie, one of the truly monumental figures of modem science, was born in Warsaw, Poland, on November 7, 1867. Marie developed an early interest in chemistry, and it is interesting that Dmitri Mendeleev, creator of the periodic table and friend of Marie s father (a high school mathematics and physics teacher), predicted great success for the young woman when he met her in Warsaw. 

One of those who did so was a graduate student named Marie Sklodowska Curie. Marie had been born in Warsaw, Poland, as Marya Sklodowska. In 1891, she moved to Paris, France, to study physics. Three years later she met another physicist, Pierre Curie. The two were married in 1895. 

Marie Curie Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland... 

---