Skin disorders topical preparations

Unit XI consists of three chapters that discusses types of drugs not previously discussed or that are not members of a particular class or group. Chapters in this unit include topical drugs used in the treatment of skin disorders, otic and ophthalmic preparations, and fluids and electrolytes. 

Audicort Aureocort Aristocort Kenalog Ledercort ) is a corticosteroid, a glucocorticoid with ANTIINFLAMMATORY and ANTIALLERGIC properties. It is most commonly used in the form of the acetonide, to suppress the symptoms of inflammation, especially when it is caused by allergic disorders. It is sometimes used systemically to relieve conditions such as hay fever and asthma. It is commonly given by local injection to treat skin inflammation due to rheumatoid arthritis and hursitis. There are a number of topical preparations to treat severe, non-infective skin inflammation, such as eczema, or for treating inflammation in the mouth and ears. 

As anti-inflammatory drugs, pyrazolone preparations have been used topically for superficial phlebitis and similar inflammatory conditions. Krook (1975) described three cases of contact allergy, one sensitive to oxyphenbutazone, the two others sensitive to phenylbutazone. Phenylbutazone did not cause cross-sensitivity to oxyphenbutazone, while cross-sensitivity the opposite way was found. Vooys and Van Ketel (1977) added one more case of phenylbutazone allergy, and Thormann and Kaaber (1978) recorded four, emphasizing the increased risk of developing hypersensitivity in patients with preexisting skin disorders. 

Mathias (1988) reported 13 similar cases which he termed post-traumatic eczema. The injuries were mainly of occupational origin. Eczema started within a few weeks after the trauma, and the individual lesions recurred for up to 8 years. Post-traumatic eczema has to be differentiated from other eczematous and non-eczematous disorders, such as trauma-induced psoriasis, foreign-body reaction and recurrent herpes simplex precipitated by trauma. Superimposed allergic contact dermatitis from topical preparations used to treat the eczematous skin must be excluded. 

Topical preparations containing hamamelis extract are effective in various skin disorders in adults and in children (diaper dermatitis, minor injuries, and localized inflammation of the skin). " Anti-inflammatory activity (in... 

Parab P (1995) Topical preparations having a-hydroxy carhoxylic acids for treatment of skin disorders. US 5.420,106. 22.03.1994/30.05.1995... 

The cutaneous microcirculation acts as a heat regulator and changes as a result of either skin disorders (cellulitis, aging, photoaging, solar erythema, etc.) or topical application of certain preparations (skin congestion treatments, lipolytics, products containing surfactants) (Duval et al, 2(X)3). 

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