Size exclusion high performance liquid chromatography, applications

Sewage effluents, determination of, organic compounds 135-137,194, 207,226,261,262,353-362,462, 463 organometallic compounds 265, 266 Silicate, determination of 213 Silver, determination of 205, 206 Size exclusion high performance liquid chromatography, applications of 216-221 determination of, anions 218-220 cations 217, 218 organic compounds 216,217 Sodium, determination of 205, 206,... 

APPLICATION OF SIZE EXCLUSION-HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY FOR BIOPHARMACEUTICAL PROTEIN AND PEPTIDE THERAPEUTICS... 

Hearn, M.T., M.I. AgnUar, T. Nguyen, and M. Fridman, High-performance liquid chromatography of amino acids, peptides and proteins. LXXXTV. Application of derivative spectroscopy to the study of column residency effects in the reversed-phase and size-exclusion liquid chromatographic separation of proteins. J Chromatogr, 1988. 435(2) 271-84. 

RA Williams, R Macrae, MJ Shepherd. Non-aqueous size-exclusion chromatography coupled online to reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography. Interface development and applications to the analysis of low-molecular weight contaminants andadditives in foods. J Chromatogr 477 315-325, 1989. 

AMS = accelerated mass spectroscopy EDTA = ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid GFAAS = graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry ICP-AES = inductively coupled plasma - atomic emission spectroscopy NAA = neutron activation analysis ETAAS = electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry SEC/ICP-MS = size-exclusion chromatography/ICP-AES/mass spectrometry HLPC/ICP-AES = high-performance liquid chromatography/ICP-AES LAMMA = laser ablation microprobe mass analysis NA = not applicable ppq = parts per quadrillion... 

Many components of SEC systems are well known and ubiquitous in an analytical lab. Size exclusion chromatography systems require at least an isoaatic pump, a high-pressure injection systan (manual or automated), one or more SEC colunm(s), one or more detector(s), and data evaluation units with software to acquire, calibrate, and analyze data. Other components, such as degassers or column compartments are often optional and depend on the particular application and on the lab environment and conditions. Although SEC and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) seem to be very similar in instrumentation requirements, the theoretical background and separation mechanism of both techniques are entirely different. The major differences in the practice of SEC are outlined in Table 9.2. 

High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is rapidly increasing in its application to gel structures and organic pore systems together with the increasing use of size exclusion chromatography (SEC). 

Regarding to the parent polymers themselves. Whilst gas chromatography (GC) is amenable for only some very low molecular weight (M ) polymers (see Chapter 6), other techniques such as high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and, particularly, size exclusion chromatography (SEC) are applicable to the separation and/or fractionation of polymers prior to the detailed determination of their nature, amount and microstructure by MS. Another technique applicable to polymers is that based on controlled pyrolysis. Pyrolysis followed by GC, or liquid chromatography (LC) - MS provides much useful information on the composition and microstructure of polymers. 

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