Sinorhizobium

Yang H-C, J Cheng, TM Finan, BP Rosen, H Bhattacharjee (2005) Novel pathway for arsenic detoxification in the legume symbiont Sinorhizobium meliloti. J Bacterial 187 6991-6997. 

Villacieros M et al. (2005) Polychlorinated biphenyl rhizoremediation by Pseudomonas fluorescens F113 derivatives, using a Sinorhizobium meliloti nod system to drive bph gene expresssion. Appl Environ Microbiol 71 2687-2694. 

NOD FACTORS AS SIGNAL MOLECULES FROM RHIZOBIUM, BRADYRHIZOBIUM, SINORHIZOBIUM, AND MESORHIZOBIUM... 

J. Lorquin, G. Lortet, M. Ferro, N. Mear, B. Dreyfus, J.-C. Prome, and C. Boivin, Nod factors from Sinorhizobium saheli and 5. teranga bv. sesbaniae are both arabi-nosylated and fucosylated, a structural feature specific to Sesbania rostrata symbionts. Molec. Plant Microbe Interact. I0 il9 (1997). 

K. Haukka, K. Lindstrom, and P. J. Young, Three phylogenetic groups of nodA and nifH genes in Sinorhizobium and Mesorhizobium isolates from leguminous trees... 

Sinorhizobium meliloti 41 -Azorhizobium caulinodans —Methylobacterium extorquens IBT6... 

Rhodococcus sp. Strain KT462 This was the first strain discovered to be capable of BT and DBT desulfurization. The pathway of BT desulfurization is similar to that in Paenibacillus All-2 and Sinorhizobium sp. KT55 and that for DBT is the 4S pathway [37], The substrate specificity of this organism is different from R. erythropolis KA2-5-1 and Paenibacillus sp. All-2. It is able to desulfurize 2-methyl BT, 3-methyl BT, 5-methyl BT, 7-methyl BT, 1-methyl DBT, 3-methyl DBT, and 4-methyl DBT in addition to BT and DBT. 

The desulfurization pathway was proposed to be BT -> BT sulfone -> benzo[e][l,2]oxanthiin S-oxide -> o-hydroxystyrene. Additionally, formation of the intermediate benzo(e)(l,2)oxathiin S,S dioxide was inferred to a side pathway resulting in formation of benzofuran as shown in Fig. 7. This pathway is similar to that reported for Sinorhizobium KT55, Paenibacillus sp. strain All-2 and R. erythropolis KT462. 

Tanaka, Y. Onaka, T. Matsui, T., et al., Biodesulfurization of Benzothiophene by a Gram-Negative Bacterium, Sinorhizobium sp. KT55. Current Microbiology, 2001.43 pp. 187-191. 

Fig. 7.4 The tree is based on full-length sequences, and constructed by using the neighbor-joining method. Bootstrap values (% from 1,000 replications) are indicated. NodA sequences of published rhizobia are available in GenBank. A, Azorhizobium, B, Bradyrhizobium. M, Mesorhizobium. Me, Methylobacterium. R, Rhizobium. S, Sinorhizobium (Moullin et al. 2001)...

In view of the last report, it is interesting that Wu et in Beijing have identified an organism, Sinorhizobium morekns S-5, that can convert the hydantoin of racemic -hydroxyphenylglycine into the D-amino acid. This, similar to the process just described, involves a hydantoinase and a carbamoylase, but both appear to be strictly D-specific. These authors again draw attention to the fact that under mildly alkaline conditions, spontaneous racemization of the hydantoin should permit a 100% conversion to the final D-product. 

Miethling R et al (2000) Variation of microbial rhizosphere communities in response to crop species, soil origin, and inoculation with Sinorhizobium meliloti L33. Microb Ecol 40 43 Gray ston S J et al (2001) Accounting for variabUity in soU microbial communities of temperate upland grassland ecosystems. SoU Biol Biochem 33 533... 

Pueppke, S.G. et al.. Release of flavonoids by the soybean cultivars McCall and Peking and their perception as signals by the nitrogen-fixing symbiont Sinorhizobium fredii, Plant Physiol., 117, 599, 1998. 

Barnett, M.J. Fisher, R.F. Jones, T. et al. Nucleotide sequence and predicted functions of the entire Sinorhizobium meliloti pSymA megaplasmid. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 98, 9883-9888 (2001)... 

One feature of the rhizobium-legume symbiosis is the high degree of specificity that many legumes and their symbiotic partners exhibit. For example, Sinorhizobium meliloti, the well-characterized bacterial symbiont of alflalfa and related Medicago species, is unable to nodule its close relative Pisum sativum (Mendel s pea), and conversely pea symbionts do not nodulate Medicago species. It is now clear that there are multiple molecular determinants... 

Gonzalez-Rizzo S, Crespi M, Frugier F. 2006. The Medicago truncatula CRE1 cytokinin receptor regulates lateral root development and early symbiotic interaction with Sinorhizobium meliloti. Plant Cell 18 2680-2693. 

Peck MC, Fischer RF, Long SR. 2006. Diverse flavonoids stimulate NodDl binding to nod gene promoters in Sinorhizobium meliloti. J Bacteriol 188 5417-5427. 

N. Fraysse, B. Lindner, Z. Kaczynski, L. Sharypova, O. Holst, K. Niehaus, and V. Poinsot, Sinorhizobium meliloti strain 1021 produces a low-molecular mass capsular polysaccharide that is a homopolymer of 3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid harbouring a phospholipidic anchor, Glycobiology, 15 (2005) 101-108. 

B. L. Reuhs, D. P. Geller, J. S. Kim, J. E. Fox, V. S. Kumar Kolli, and S. G. Pueppke, Sinorhizobium fredii and Sinorhizobium meliloti produce structurally conserved lipopolysaccha-rides and strain-specific K antigens, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 64 (1998) 4930 1938. 

M. A. Rodriguez-Carvajal, J. A. Rodrigues, M. E. Soria-Diaz, P. Tejero-Mateo, A. Buendia-Claveria, R. Gutierrez, J. E. Ruiz-Sainz, J. Thomas-Oates, and A. M. Gil-Serrano, Structural analysis of the capsular polysaccharide from Sinorhizobium fredii HWG35, Biomacromolecules, 6 (2005) 1448-1456. 

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