Single Contribution

The largest single contribution (54.2%) is from ring carbon-1 attached to the methyl group, and the bulk (94%) of the TeNMe formed is via oxidation of the aromatic ring... 

Review articles for the topical volumes are invited by the volume editors. As a rule, single contributions are also specially commissioned. The editors and publishers will, however, always be pleased to receive suggestions and supplementary information. Papers are accepted for Advances in Polymer Science in English. 

Finally, the symmetry constraint can be removed by considering a pair sum over substrate atoms as a single contribution to the many-body energy. For example, the periodic contribution of the substrate can be replaced by a sum of contributions from each individual substrate atom . This allows the study of the eflect of features such as amorphous surfaces, steps and defects on surface reactivity, while still retaining a potential derived from a rigid lattice. These types of potentials, however, can become time consuming in their evaluation, and can therefore be inconvenient for use in large-scale computer simulations. 

Any edited book strongly depends on the quality of every single contribution. It was both my privilege and honor to win such well-known authors. With their contributions, I am convinced that we have now a book in hand that represents the state of the art and a comprehensive summary on the present status quo. It is designed to attract equally students and advanced readers working in the areas of organic chemistry, organometallic chemistry, catalysis, polymer science, physical... 

Secondly, the cross section reflects the nature of the dependence of the partial widths on the intermolecular distance R. As expected from Eq. (20), is small for large R and increases gradually with decrease in R. On the other hand, Fgx in its empirical form (Eq. (17)) is extremely small at large distances and increases sharply near the repulsive wall. Therefore, the de-excitation probability due to Penning ionization is determined by the dipole-dipole part of the decay width in collisions with large impact parameter, whereas the probability for Penning ionization is already almost unity by the single contribution... 

We will simplify eqn (3.45) by representing the three terms in the square bracket by the single contribution ( ). This is repulsive for R < 5 au, as shown in the right-hand panel of Fig. 3.9. We thus write... 

Having enumerated the various processes involved in the transfer of a solute molecule from the gas phase to solution, it must be emphasized that it is not possible to separately measure their contributions to the fundamental observable, AG. One can, of course, attempt to design systems where one expects only a single contribution to dominate, in the hopes of learning more about the nature of that contribution from experimental measurements, but inferences drawn therefrom become less certain as they are applied to systems less like those originally... 

The mathematical description of the GDP method is easily derived from that of the GSP method by considering the applied current wave-form as the sum of two single contributions, i.e. a step j, applied at t = 0 and a second step j2 7 r applied at t = tx [28]. The response A E equals the sum of the separate responses to these two steps, given by eqn. (30). 

Another characteristic property of this topological descriptor appears somehow more intriguing in fact, if ones decomposes each single contribution to W(N) coming... 

Once 1%) and I M, .) are known, the final value for Trp is obtained by inserting Equation (3.152) into Equation (3.151) here, however, it is useful to introduce a simplified notation obtained collecting the terms involving only covalent configurations in a single contribution, namely ... 

To introduce the concepts, we must of course start from the classic 1927 paper of Heitler and London [1], referred to by Pauling himself [2] as the greatest single contribution to the clarification of the chemist s conception of valence. .. since G.N.Lewis s suggestion that the chemical bond between two atoms consists of a pair of electrons held jointly by the two . The electron-pair bond in the hydrogen molecule was described using a wavefunction of the form... 

Most of the changes in the amounts of zinc contributed by meat can be related to the use of beef which accounts for the largest single contribution of zinc in the American diet. Before 1953, consumption of beef was less than that of pork. However, beef provided about twice as much zinc as pork because it is higher in zinc concentration. Since the mid-1960 s, beef has contributed three and sometimes four times as much zinc as does pork. This change has been due to Increased beef consumption which began in the mid-1950 s and peaked at 94 lb per capita in 1976. Between 1976 and 1980, beef consumption decreased 19 percent while pork consumption increased 27 percent. However, 1981 data may indicate another reverse in consumption trends. Pork contributed 1.0 mg of zinc per capita per day or 8 percent of the zinc in the food supply in 1981 while beef contributed 3.0 mg per capita per day or 24 percent of the total zinc. 

The widely held belief that saliva production significantly decreases with age is not well supported in the literature dealing with this subject. Aging does not appear to play a major role as a single contributing factor in causing xerostomia. However, senior citizens may receive medication that produces the side effect of xerostomia. The aged also develop medical problems that can diminish salivary production. 

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