Single-case design

For small flowrates, the single-casing radial compressor without intercooling is employed for delivery pressures of up to 4-6 bar. Higher pressures of up to 15 bar are attained with intercooled machines of single- and double-casing design. 

The velocity on the tube side can be modified by changing the single-pass design to a multiple-pass configuration. In this case Ft = 1 in Equation (b). From formulas in McCabe, Ft depends on t2 (or At2), hence the necessary conditions derived previously would have to be changed. The fluids could be switched (shell vs. tube side) if constraints are violated, but there may well be practical limitations such as one fluid being quite dirty or corrosive so that the fluid must flow in the tube side (to facilitate cleaning or to reduce alloy costs). 

In some mixture design problems (such as formulations), it may not be necessary to consider processing issues and hence we would not have the process model constraints. In this case the problem becomes a simple mixing problem, which would already have been addressed by the miscibility criteria in sub-problem 4M. Hence, for these problems, we will not need sub-problem 5M. Also in some cases we might have to identify a mixture whose constituents perform different functions such as solvents and anti solvents for crystallization. In such cases we would have to formulate and solve more than one single compound design problems to identify the constituents and then solve the final two sub-problems to identify the optimal mixture. In certain cases we may not have process model constraints, however, we may still have to solve an optimization problem with other constraints, in sub-problem 4 and sub-problem 5m respectively. 

Vertically suspended, single casing diffnser pnmps with discharge through the column are designated Type VS 1. 

Vertically snspended, single casing volnte hne-shaft driven snmp pnmps are designated Type VS4. 

Wet pit, vertically-suspended, single-casing diffuser pumps with discharge through the column shall be designated pump type VS1. 

Vertically-suspended, single-casing volute line-shaft driven sump pumps are designated pump type VS4. 

Kazdin, A.E. (1982) Single-Case Research Designs. Methods for Clinical and Applied Settings. New York Oxford University Press. 

Charney DS, Deutch AY, Krystal JH, et al Psychobiologic mechanisms of posttraumatic stress disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 50 294-305, 1993 Chassen JB Intensive design statistics and the single case, in Research Designs and Methods in Psychiatry. Edited by Fava M, Rosenbaum JF. Amsterdam, Elsevier, 1992, pp 173-183... 

In Part Two, the reader is provided with practical examples of how the general equations defined in part one can be simplified/adapted to specific cases. The examples cover the most widely employed single cell designs, for steady-state and dynamic conditions, and evolve towards stack and system modehng. Finally, Chapter 10 introduces the reader to the problem of mechanical stresses in SOFC, and shows an approach for modeling mechanical stresses induced by the operating conditions. 

Megna J, O dell M. Ataxia from lithium toxicity successfully treated with high-dose buspirone a single-case experimental design. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2001 82(8) 1145-8. 

In one parametric study, six different designs (Fig. 22) were compared (Blakely, 1984). Design 1 was the single-column reference case. Design 2 consisted of a high-pressure and a low-pressure column. The feed was split and fed to both columns in parallel. Both columns performed the same sharp separation, producing pure products. The condenser of the high-pressure column was the reboiler of the low-pressure column. 

Assuming that the effect of control in steady state is defined by a set of controller setpoints and fixed values for a subset of uncontrolled inputs, it is appropriate to use a worst-case design formulation in which a single choice of p is required to accommodate all possible values of the uncertain parameters. In other words, the only steady-state adaptation to uncertainty is that implicit in the choice of controller setpoints. This is potentially conservative however, it is a fair approximation to industrial practice, where minimizing the need for... 

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