SIMION

S986 A. Couture, E. Deniau, P. Grandclaudon, C. Simion, Synthesis, 1996, 986. 

SiMiONE F and Brown EM (1991) ATCC preservation methods freezing and ffeeze-drying. 2nd edn. ATCC, Rockville, MD. 

The other very important function of the ion optics is to shape the ion beam. Voltages on the various lenses should be set to avoid chromatic aherration, which causes energy-dependent transmission of ions in the instrument, and as a result erroneous lEDs [161, 163]. The correct lens settings have been found by simulations of ion trajectories in the EQP using the simulation program SIMION [329], In addition, an experimental method to find the correct settings has been presented [161, 163]. 

Lock, C.M. Dyer, E. Simulation of Ion Trajectories Through a High Pressure RF-only Quadrupole Collision Cell by SIMION 6.0. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 1999., 75,422-431. 

In practice, the ion optical properties of an ion source are optimized by means of ion trajectory calculations. [31] The standard tool for this task is the SIMION software suite, [32-35] while there are others, too. [36] Thus, the optimum number, positions, voltages, and eventually shapes of the plates are determined (Fig. 5.11). In order to compensate for slight mechanical deviations from theory and for effects exerted by contamination of the plates during elongated use, the voltages can be adjusted to yield optimum conditions. 

Once the ions have entered the skimmer tip, it is necessary to extract and focus them into the analyser by subjecting the charged ions to constant electric fields. In order to construct an elfective ion optical array, it is necessary to calculate the path followed by the ions in the electrostatic fields. We can resort to a number of mathematical models, such as SIMION, for a better understanding and optimisation of the ion-optical design for ICP-MS and the processes involved [12]. 

SIMION, "Simulated Ion Trajectories" is a computer program developed by D. McGilvery, LaTrobe University. This Program has been refined and expanded by the group (D.A. Dahl and J.E. Delmore) at Idaho National Laboratory, Department of Energy. 

For this layout of the plasma chamber the trajectories of the electrons as well as the ions in an applied electrical field were simulated with the SIMION 8.0 software [18], Figure 4 depicts the extraction of electrons out of the plasma chamber for a potential difference of 100 V between the plasma and the ionization chamber [19] at vacuum conditions, i.e., without electron-gas interaction. The corresponding electron energy... 

Mattai, J., Froebe, C.L., Rhein, L.D., Simion, A.F., Ohlmeyer, H., Su, D.T., and Fribert, S.E., Prevention of model stratum corneum lipid phase transitions in vitro by cosmetic additives — differential scanning calorimetry, optical microscopy, and water evaporation studies, J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem., 44, 89,1993. 

Simion, F., Rhein, L., Morrison, B., Scala, D., Salko, D., Kligman, A., and Grove, G., Self perceived sensory responses to soap and synthetic detergent bars correlate with clinical signs of irritation. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 32 205-211, 1995. 

SIMION 7.0, David A. Dahl, Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory... 

Analysis of Terpenoids by Thin-Layer Chromatography Simion Gocan... 

Figure 7-9 ion trajectories showing confinement and ejection in quadrupole mass filters. A, Ion confinement by RF-only field. B, Ion ejection by RF-only field. C, Ion confinement with a combination of RF and DC fields. D, ion ejection with a combination of RF and DC fields. All trajectories were simulated using Simion. ... 

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