Simaroubacea

Noorshahida A, Wong TW, Choo CY. (2009) Hypoglycemic effect of qnassinoids from Brucea javanica (L.) Merr (Simaroubaceae) seeds. J Ethnopharmacol 124 586-591. 

Many triterpenes also have anti herbivore activity. In general, those which are highly oxygenated seem to be more active in this regard M). The role of cardiac glycosides, insects and their predators has been reviewed (91-94). A number of metabolically altered triterpenes from the Rutaceae, Meliaceae and Simaroubaceae are antifeedants. Extracts of neem tree seeds (Azadirachta indica. Meliaceae) were shown to be repellent to a number of insects when applied to various crop plants at low concentrations. The probable active compound is tetranortriter-pene, azadirachtin (9 ). This compound from the leaves and fruits... 

Coombes PH, Naidoo D, Mulholland DA, Randrianarivelojosia M (2005) Quassinoids from the Leaves of the Madagascan Simaroubaceae Samadera madagascariensis. Phytochemistry 66 2734... 

From the seeds and bark of Samadera indica (Simaroubaceae), indaquassin C (296) was isolated together with three additional quassinoids. Only 296, present in 0.006% in seed kernels, exhibited moderate antifeedant activity toward S. litura, with 1 pg leafcm 2, resulting in 48.9% feeding inhibition.128... 

Quassinoids are bitter components produced by members of the Simaroubaceae. They exhibit diverse biological activities including anticancer, antimalarial, insecticidal, and phytotoxic activities. Ailanthone (26), chaparrinone (27), and other quassinoids, along with indole alkaloids, contribute to the invasiveness of the Chinese tree tree-of-heaven Alianthus altissima Swingle), in Europe.15... 

Citrus spp., Dictamnus dasycarpus (Rutaceae), Harrisonia abyssinica (Simaroubaceae) TUB inhibitors]... 

Widespread Gossypium herbaceum (Malvaceae) [flower], Moms alba (mulberry) (Moraceae) [leaf], Ailanthus altissima (Simaroubaceae) [leaf] Widespread in leaves Apium graveolens (Apiaceae) widespread as glycosides in Brassicaceae, Lamiaceae, Fabaceae, Scrophulariaceae [aerialDigitaria exilis (fonio, semi-arid zone millet variety) (Poaceae) [seed]... 

Simaroubaceae 15 a. Brucea javanica (57-59) 15b. Castela texana 60) 15c. Hannoa klaineana 61) 15d. Simaba multiflora 56, 62) 15e. Soulamea soulameoides (56)... 

Figure 5 Biological activities associated with quassinoids, from Simaroubaceae species, may not be linked to a common mechanism of action/ Different testing procedures have indicated insecticidal activity for quassin, anticancer activity for quassimarin (also present in Quassia amara) and antimalarial activity for simalikalactone-D/...

Melianodiol (66) and its diacetate have been foundin Samadara madagas-caneois (Simaroubaceae), a source of quassinoids. In model experiments directed towards the synthesis of simarolide, melianodiol was converted into the... 

Quassinoids.—Soulameamuelleri (Simaroubaceae) has yielded soulameanone (120), 1,12-di-O-acetylsoulameanone (121), and A2-picrasin B (122). The structure of (120) was established by X-ray analysis. Treatment of (122) with diazomethane afforded quassin.70 Other new quassinoid natural products reported this year are soularubinone (123), an antileukaemic compound from S. tomentosa,71 13,18-... 

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