Silver ‘paint

Dehydrate in a graded alcohol series series (30%, 50%, 70%, 90%, 100%), for 100% use in 200 proof alcohol Freon or amyl acetate (use a graded series, e.g., 1 3, 1 2, 1 1 Freon/alcohol and then pure Freon) Critically point dry using liquid C02 soaks and flushes Mount on aluminum stubs using silver paint or double-stick tape0 Sputter coat with gold/palladium in a sputter coater flushed with argon... 

To learn how to make electrical contacts to electrodes, e.g. with conductive silver paint. 

In order to circumvent these problems, it is usual to cover the silver-paint contact with a thin layer of varnish or epoxy adhesive (see Figure 9.2). This procedure has three advantages, as follows ... 

Figure 9.2 Schematic diagram showing how an electrical contact is fixed with silver paint to the conductive side of an optically transparent electrode. The outer layer of epoxy resin is necessary to impart strength, to insulate the silver paint from the analyte solution and to stop analyte solution seeping between the paint and the conductive layer.

Hi) (Following from (ii)) The silver electrode contact itself is not strong, so solution can seep between the silver paint and the electrode, thus destroying all chance of reproducibility. A protective over-layer prevents such seepage. 

The ink , when screen-printing, is a slurry of conductive carbon particles (sometimes in a solution of conductive resin) that flows smoothly when wet and sets quickly without losing definition and shape. Alternatively, conductive silver paint (as above) will perform the same function. 

Electrical contact between the electrode and connecting wires can be made with solder if the electrode is a refractory metal, while lower-melting-point metals such as lead, and reactive metals such as magnesium, should be joined to a connection lead with commercially available conductive silver paint . Contact to ITO-coated electrodes will similarly require this conductive paint. 

Silver paint A conductive material comprising colloidal silver suspended in a polymeric base, which is liquid when applied to form an electrical contact, but then sets rapidly to form a hard and highly conductive contact. The material is commonly applied with a brush, hence the term paint . 

Contact materials and confignrations nsed in TSC experiments vary widely and depend on the particnlar application. Metal electrodes can be attached to the sample by evaporation or by application of condnctive pastes (silver paint or epoxy) or metal-organic compounds. Typical contact configurations are shown in Fig. 1.5. 

Resistivity. Machined cylinders (3/4 x 3/4 inch) were desiccated for several days after being coated on both ends with conducting silver paint. Measurements were made with a Terra-ohmeter at both 100 8t 400 volts over which range the samples appeared to have no significant voltage coefficient Dielectric Constant. This property can be detd by measuring the capacitance of a... 

Rotating optically semii-transparent electrodes for spectroelectro-chemical or photoelectrochemical studies can be fabricated by vapour deposition techniques on a quartz substrate. In this way, tin oxide, platinum and gold electrodes, amongst others, can be made. Electrical contact is with silver paint. 

Following deposition, the Ti02 coated plates were subjected to a reduction treatment under H2 at 600°C for 2 hours. After verification of a good electrical contact at the back surface of the Ti sheet, a copper plate with an electrode lead was attached to the electrode back with silver paint. The electrode back and edges were covered with silicone rubber adhesive (GE RTV 108). 

A commercial controlled release, polymer coated spheroid/bead product (Slophyllin, Rona) was used as received. The spheroids were microtomed to expose a cross-sectional area of the inner drugladen core and the surrounding polymer film coating, and subsequently mounted on the sample holder using conductive silver paint with the microtomed surface uppermost. 

Electrodes usually consist of fired-on silver paint with a small glaze content. It may be necessary to remove a high-resistivity surface layer from the ceramic before silvering. The contacts formed in this way are unlikely to be ohmic, but... 

After the sintering stage, electrodes are applied, usually either by electroless nickel plating or by painting or screening on specially adapted silver paint. Leads are then soldered to the electrodes when, for many applications, the device is complete in other cases it may be encapsulated in epoxy or silicone resins. Examples are illustrated in Fig. 4.15. 

The first CE-ICP-MS coupled system was described by the Olesik group [100] for potential speciation studies. The need for an interface, with low dead volume to minimize peak broadening, was identified. In this interface, the capillary was grounded by coating 5 cm of the end with a controlled thickness of silver paint. The EOF was approximately 0.05 pL/min"1 however, the liquid flow rate increased, as a result of a vacuum effect from the nebulizer gas flow, which, in turn, resulted in a parabola-shaped velocity profile. This caused beak broadening to occur. 

Scanning electron micrographs were obtained on a Cambride Mark II Stereoscan SEM. The samples were mounted on the specimen mounts with double-sided tape. Silver paint along the edge of the sample provided electrical contact between the specimen mount and... 

IR spectra were taken at room temperature (300 K) and liquid-helium temperatures (5-15 K), using a Bomem DAS Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer and an InSb detector. For the low-temperature measurements, a Janis continuous-flow liquid-helium cryostat with wedged, IR-transparent windows was utilized. Hall-effect measurements, in the Van der Pauw geometry, were performed at room temperature using a system from MMR Technologies. Wires were attached to the ZnO using silver paint, which provided adequate Ohmic contacts for the electron concentrations (10 cm ) in these samples. 

The ceramic circular discs (1cm diameter, 0.1cm thick) were prepared by pressing the powder, using a pressure of 8 MPa, with adding in 8 % PVA solution as binder, and sintering at 1 300 °C for 2 hours. Then the ceramic samples were prepared by electroding the sintered disc with silver paint. 

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