Signal detection, sensitivity

Signal detection Sensitivity and resolution of the scanner, photobleaching Scanner evaluation and calibration slides, scanner validation slides... 

LC-NMR coupling technology has been recently reviewed [23], and the interested reader is also referred to the detailed text edited by Albert [24]. The miniaturisation of flow probes to the capillary scale has been developed to enhance signal detection sensitivity, as discussed in Section 3.4.2, and more recently the hyphenation of gas chromatography with microflow cells (GC-NMR) has even been demonstrated [25]. 

The composition of organic solvents (methanol) used in matrix solntions inflnences the signal detection sensitivity for lipids and peptides (Fig. 10.10). Higher composition of methanol enhances lipid detection by efficient extraction of lipid molecules from tissue sections. In contrast, hydrophilic... 

The sensitivity equation can be developed by differentiating equation 4 with respect to J. Since the signal is proportional to J and detection is defined as to when the measured signal to noise ratio equals 3, the gas detection sensitivity (ppm) in terms of the NEP for gas detection becomes ... 

Due to the relative uniformity of ion formation by the RF spark (although its timing is erratic), the most widely used method of quantitation in SSMS is to assume equal sensitivity for all elements and to compare the signal for an individual element with that of the total number of ions recorded on the beam monitor. By empirically calibratii the number of ions necessary to produce a certain blackness on the plate detector, one can estimate the concentration. The signal detected must be corrected for isotopic abundance and the known mass response of the ion-sensitive plate. By this procedure to accuracies within a factor of 3 of the true value can be obtained without standards. 

By using phase sensitive detection, the detector phase angle can be adjusted to be exactly out of phase with the phase-delayed emission from any single fluorophore, suppressing its contribution to the total emission signal. Phase sensitive detection, coupled with... 

Finding an optimum test temperature [1,5-7], If the temperature is too high then undesirable side reactions may occur. Also, concerns about the realistic nature of the test for predicting performance at ambient conditions could arise. Too low a temperature will compromise the detection sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio of the measurement [5]. 

Several authors have developed highly sensitive CL detection coupled to CE for ion analysis. Huang et al. [96] used luminol as a component of the separation electrolyte that prevented loss of the light signal. Detection limits of 20 zmol, 2 amol, 80 amol, 740 amol, and 100 fmol for Co(II), Cu(II), Ni(II), Fe(III), and... 

Doty, R.L. and Ferguson-Segall, M. (1989) Influence of adult castration on the olfactory sensitivity of the male rat a signal detection analysis. Behav. Neurosci. 103, 691-694. 

Amplification of C emission upon excitation of CPE, relative to that upon direct excitation of C is an important advantage of CPE-based FRET sensors, which benefits from the rapid intrachain and interchain energy migration from CPE to C via FRET. The detection sensitivity of CCP-based DNA sensor thus is enhanced to an extent dependent on the signal amplification of C emission. Amplification factor is defined as the intensity ratio of the saturated CCP-sensitized C emission to the intrinsic C emission in the absence of CCP. To acquire large signal amplification, it is necessary to review the factors affecting the FRET process from CCP to C. Equation (1) describes the calculation of FRET rate (KVRi T) [67] ... 

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