Short glass fibers polyamide 11 composites

Karger-Kocsis J. and Friedrich K. (1988). Fracture behaviour of injection-molded short and long glass fiber-polyamide 6.6 composites. Composites Sci. Techno . 32, 293-325,... 

Karger-Kocsis J (1991) Environmental stress corrosion behavior of polyamides and their composites with short glass fiber and glass swirl mat. Polym Bull 26(1 ) 123—130... 

The reinforcement of thermoplastics, notably polypropylene (PP) and polyamide (PA), with short glass fibers is a classical method to improve polymer mechanical properties. Fibers are dispersed more or less homogeneously in the polymer by melt compounding techniques such as twin screw extrusion to produce compounds ready for injection molding. Molded parts benefit from the better mechanical properties of the reinforcing fibers as the fibers bear a considerable part of the load applied to the composite structure. 

Tjong S C, Xu S A, Li R K and Ma Y W (2002) Short glass fiber-reinforced polyamide 6,6 composites toughened with maleated SEES, Compos Sci Technol 62 2017-2027. 

Solomon S, Abu Bakar A, Ishak Z A, Leong Y W, Ishiaku U S and Hamada H (2007) Drop weight impact properties of (CO) injection molded short glass fiber/short carbon fiber/polyamide 6 hybrid composites, J Reinf Plast Comps 26 405-418. 

Figure 9.5. Typical fatigue S-N curves of injection molded polyamide-66 composites reinforced with ( ) 15 and (o) 30 wt% of short glass fibers...

Lightweight reinforced thermoplastics materials with great strength and stiffness are needed in a number of so-called technical applications. Therefore short glass fibers are used to stiffen thermoplastics, for instance polypropylene, polyamides and also more technical polymers such as polybutylene terephthalate. Thermoplastic processors do not compound themselves their materials and consequently there is quite a large choice of ready-to-be-processed SGF reinforced thermoplastic composites. Table 7.6 gives the average properties of typical commercial PP-SGF composites, as compiled from manufacturers data sheets (when available). 

An example of a typical material composition is the combination of a polymer and a filler. Because compounding is a techiuque that can complement the drawbacks of conventional polymers, it has been studied over a long period and its practical apphcations are well known. Reinforcing materials such as short-fiber are often used for compounding with thermoplastic polymers in order to improve their mechaiucal or thermal properties. Polypropylene and polyamide (nylon) are used for the thermoplastic polymers, while glass fiber and carbon fiber are mainly used as reinforcing materials. A few ttm... 

A. Hassan, R. Yahya, A. H. Yahaya, A. R. M. Tahir and P. R. Hornsby, Tensile, impact and fiber length properties of injection-molded short and long glass fiber-reinforced polyamide 6,6 composites. Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, 23, 969-986 (2004). 

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