Ships engine emissions

Jurgens R (2012) Exhaust Aftertreatment for Ship Engines Running on Heavy Fuel Oil— Requirements and Experience. Paper presented at the 5th International CTI Conference Emission Reduction for Off-Highway Applications, Lindau, Germany, 26-27 Sep 2012... 

With respect to fuels utilized as heating fuels for industrial furnaces, or as motor fuels for large diesel engines such as those in ships or power generation sets, the characteristics of primary importance are viscosity, sulfur content and the content of extremely heavy materials (asphaltenes) whose combustion can cause high emissions of particulates which are incompatible with antipollution legislation. 

Moldanova J, Fridell E, Popovicheva O, Demirdjian B, Tishkova V, Faccinetto A, Focsa C (2009) Characterisation of particulate matter and gaseous emissions from a large ship diesel engine. Atmos Environ 43 2632-2641... 

Although the on-highway diesel engine has received the greatest attention in terms of emissions, a large number of diesel engines serve to power ships, locomotives, off-... 

Much of air poUution control in the nineteenth century and the first half of the twentieth century was of smoke and cinder emissions from steam locomotives and steamships. This is no longer a major problem because of the displacement of steam locomotives by electric and diesel locomotives and the displacement of steamships by diesel-powered ships. Diesel engines in these applications produce the same kinds of pollution as diesel engines... 

Since then, the introduction of local emission regulations have led to the development of S CR technology for ships of various sizes and with various engines [ 17,18]. 

Systems for low- or medium-speed diesel engines used as gendrive or for propulsion of ships with fixed propellers often work with look-up tables or a characteristic curve as input for an open-loop reductant dosing control (Fig. 2.31). As the engines only use a small band within the engine map (Fig. 2.32) the NOx-emission and thus the reductant dosing rate has a fixed correlation to either engine speed or load. 

High power batteries have been widely studied as an energy source for eco-friendly transportation systems including hybrid electric vehicles, electric motors, ships, and aircraft that can be operated with little or no oil consumption and carbon dioxide emissions, as compared to conventional systems with an internal combustion engine [1-3], The lithium-ion battery (LIB) has been one of the most promising substitutes for the nickel metal hydride battery used in most of the hybrid eleetrie vehieles (HEVs) commercially available today [4],... 

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