Shine of hair

The subjective terms luster, gloss, and shine of hair are being used interchangeably in the literature, although shine is most meaningful to consumers (82). Subjective panel evaluations of this property can be quite accurate, if care is taken to keep fiber alignment, lighting, and certain panel considerations constant. However, to be able to make quantitative statements about the effectiveness of various treatments, efforts have been made to develop instrumental, objective methods of shine evaluation. All these methods (83-87) are based on the contrast between the intensity of the specularly reflected... 

Washing removes the natural coating of protective oil that gives hair its body and shine. To counter this, shampoos and conditioners contain hydrophobic oils that cling to the surface of hair and remain in place upon rinsing. Dimethicone, shown in our inset, is an artificial oil that contains hydrophobic silicon-oxygen chains and methyl groups. 

The luster of hair is another attribute that is very important to consumers. Perhaps in part because of advertising messages, consumers tend to associate shine or luster with hair that is healthy and in good condition. 

Improve hair strength and smoothness [223], reduce skin irritation [224], intensify coloration of hair dyes [225] Restore shine, softness, and silkiness to long hair [226]... 

Figure 5-39. Half-head experiment where the right side is treated with alternating treatments of triethanol ammonium lauryl sulfate and stearalkonium chloride and the left side is treated with sodium deceth-3 sulfate and stearalkonium chloride. Note the shine of the left side and the dullness on the right side. Hair was originally permed and dyed with an oxidation dye.

Cross-sectional shape, friction, density, and static charge are described as other important physical properties, and hair shine, combing ease, body, style retention, manageability, and hair conditioning are the primary important consumer assessments described in this chapter. A new section describing normal variation that exists in the cross-sectional shape of hair fibers and a few examples are given describing how these variations influence both the physical and the chemical behavior of the fibers. 

Our consumer research suggests that hair shine is a more meaningful cosmetic term to consumers than luster. The word luster is used more frequently in scientific works on textile materials. In most of our work, the objective was to develop methods to correlate with the consumers subjective assessment of hair shine. Therefore, the term hair shine is used in this discussion. 

Figure 8-38. Tress holder developed for panelists assessment of hair shine.

Several different instrumental methods have been used to evaluate the shine of human hair. The method of Thompson and Mills [149] measures reflectance from an assembly of hair fibers the methods of Stamm et al. [150] and Reich and Robbins [153] measure light scattered from either single hairs or from a parallel array of taut hair fibers. The method of Schebece and Scott [154] measures scattering of light from single hair fibers. 

When hair fibers of an assembly are aligned parallel, maximum specular (mirror) reflectance can be obtained with minimum scattering [155]. The problem of consistently aligning the fibers of a tress or head exactly parallel or comparably perhaps produces the largest variance in shine evaluations and, therefore, interferes with the ability to see small changes in hair shine—thus, the obvious advantage of the instrumental methods that evaluate either single hairs or a parallel array of hairs [150-154]. 

Oxidation of Hair and Visual Assessment of Hair Shine... 

The topic of hair and skin conditioning is complex and not easily covered by a short discussion of the polymers used to condition these surfaces. The very concept of conditioning is hard to define and describe, yet it is an important aspect to understand if one is to appreciate the benefits of conditioning polymers. Two recent reviews have attempted to summarize what it means when consumers talk about the condition of their hair and skin (152,153). It is generally accepted that conditioning describes the perceived benefits a consumer receives from a personal care product when it is applied to the hair or skin. These benefits manifest themselves in the way the hair and skin feel, look, shine, and so forth after the consumer applies a particular product. 

Uses Surfactant, conditioner for hair care products Features Long-lasting permanent wave, regeneration of hair, softness, shine ProtaFlor HWQAF [EOC Belgium]... 

Moreover, multivariate optimization, the simultaneous optimization of several properties, will increasingly come into focus. A drug should have high selectivity in binding to different receptors and minimal toxicity, good solubility and penetration, and so on. A hair color should have a brilliant shine, be absorbed well, not be washed out, not damage the hair, not be toxic, and be stable under sunlight, etc. 

Some sprays include vitamins such as tocopherols (vitamin E) or panthenol, which is metabolized in the skin to become pantothenic acid, a B vitamin. Since hair does not metabolize ( It s dead, Jim ), these sprays perform the functions of antioxidants (tocopherols). In other words, they add shine and moisture (panthenol) rather than perform their normal vitamin roles. Moisture helps prevent damage during combing. 

The negativo is now finished, and may bo waxed at any convenient time in order to render it more transparent. This is done by molting some white wax in a vessel placed in a shallow pan of boiling water, applying it with a dean hogs -hair paint-brush to the picture, which should bo placed between sheets of blotting paper, and a moderately-hot iron passed over the whole until no shining patches of wax are seen. 

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