Thiocyanate, serum

At all dietary levels, there was no significant effect on survival, growth, histology, hemoglobin, hematocrit, or lymphocyte number however, serum thiocyanate levels increased in a dose-dependent manner... 

As above, protein-deficient diet Reduction in body weight gain, reduction in serum thiocyanate concentration 37... 

Nitroprusside is the agent of choice for minute- to-minute control in most cases. It is usually given as a continuous IV infusion at a rate of 0.25 to 10 mcg/kg/min. Its onset of hypotensive action is immediate and disappears within 1 to 2 minutes of discontinuation. When the infusion must be continued longer than 72 hours, serum thiocyanate levels should be measured, and the infusion should be discontinued if the level exceeds 12 mg/dL. The risk of thiocyanate toxicity is increased in patients with impaired kidney function. Other adverse effects include nausea, vomiting, muscle twitching, and sweating. 

Positive correlations between fetal umbilical serum thiocyanate levels and serum thiocyanate levels of smoking mothers (Bottoms et al. 1982 Hauth et al. 1984) and mothers exposed to environmental tobacco smoke in the home (Bottoms et al. 1982) have been reported. Hauth et al. (1984) found that the mean serum thiocyanate concentration (95 pmol/L 5.5 pg/mL) was significantly higher (p < 0.001) in smokers than in passive smokers (35.9 pmol/L 2.1 pg/mL) or nonsmokers (32.3 pmol/L 1.9 pg/mL). Similarly, the mean umbilical thiocyanate concentration in the newborn infants of smoking mothers (72 pmol/L ... 

High serum thiocyanate concentrations (>180 /zmol/L) have been found in Tukanoan Indians on traditional diets. However, the levels of residual cyanide appear to be tolerated well (Dufour 1988). 

Bottoms SF, Kuhnert BR, Kuhnert PM, et al. 1982. Maternal passive smoking and fetal serum thiocyanate levels. Am J Obstet Gynecol 144(7) 787-791. 

Chen Y, Pederson LL, Lefcoe NM. 1990. Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and serum thiocyanate level in infants. Arch Environ Health 45(3) 163-167. 

Dufour DL. 1988. Dietary cyanide intake and serum thiocyanate levels in Tukanoan Indians in Northwest Amazonia. Am J Phys Anthropol 75 205. 

Major J, Jakab M, Kiss G, et al. 1994. Chromosome aberration, sister-chromatid exchange, proliferative rate index, and serum thiocyanate concentration in smokers exposed to low-dose benzene. Environ Mol Mutagen 23 137-142. 

Apple FS, Lowe MC, Googins MK, Kloss J. Serum thiocyanate concentrations in patients with normal or impaired renal function receiving nitroprusside. Clin Chem 1996 42 1878-9 (Letter). 

Nitroprusside is widely considered the agent of choice for most cases bnt can be problematic in patients with chronic kidney disease. It is a direct-acting vasodilator that decreases peripheral vascnlar resistance bnt does not increase cardiac ontpnt nnless left ventricnlar failnre is present. Nitroprusside can be given to treat most hypertensive emergencies, bnt in aortic dissection, propranolol shonld be given first to prevent reflex sympathetic activation. Since nitroprnsside is metabolized to cyanide and then to thiocyanate, which is eliminated by the kidneys, serum thiocyanate levels shonld be monitored when infnsions are continned longer than 72 honrs. Nitroprusside should... 

Glucosinolates are mainly degraded to nitriles and thioureylene compounds such as oxazolidinethiones (Figure 16.6). The nitriles are detoxified by sulfur transferases (Lang, 1933) to thiocyanate. Increased serum thiocyanate (SCN)... 

In addition to our published analyses of size measures and those provided in Table 2, we conducted a series of additional analyses involving different alcohol exposure variables, substitution of serum thiocyanate data for the cigarettes per day measure, transformations of several measures, and the use of missing data techniques to avoid reductions in sample size. This deliberate analytical dredging of the data yielded results consistent with the findings provided in Table 2. These analyses increased our confidence in the analytical plan and in the robustness of the findings regarding these outcome measures. 

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