Serum components proteins

H36. Husby, G., and Natvig, J. B., A serum component related to nonimmunoglobulin amyloid protein AS, a possible precursor of the fibrils. J. Clin. Invest. 53, 1054-1061 (1974). 

L12. Levin, M., Pras, M., and Franklin, E. C., Immunologic studies of the major nonimmunoglobulin protein of amyloid. I. Identification and partial characterization of a related serum component. ] Exp. Med. 138, 373-380 (1973). 

L15. Linke, R. P., Sipe, J. D., Pollock, P. S, Ignaczak, T. F., and Glenner, G. G., Isolation of a low-molecular-weight serum component antigenically related to an amyloid fibril protein of unknown origin. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 72, 1473-1476 (1975). 

R18. Rosenthal, C. J., and Franklin, E. C., Variation with age and disease of an amyloid A protein-related serum component. J. Clin. Invest. 55, 746-753 (1975). 

Fig. 32.1. Relationships among serum-free, protein-free, chemical defined and animal-component-free media.

Carbohydrates are linked to some soluble proteins as well as membrane proteins. In particular, many of the proteins secreted from cells are glycosylated. Most proteins present in the serum component of blood are glycoproteins (Figure 11.20). Furthermore, A-acetylglucosamine residues are O-linked to some intracellular proteins. The role of these carbohydrates, which are dynamically added and removed, is under active investigation. 

Cell lines usually cannot be successfully propagated in various synthetic media without supplemental (and, unfortunately, poorly characterized) serum components. This requirement for supplemental protein materials probably reflects—at least initially—the need for adsorbable proteinaceous constituents which will spontaneously accumulate at and favorably modify (for cell adhesion and propagation) the surfaces of the culture containers. There was essentially no spontaneous fllm adsorption from freshly prepared RPMI 1630 culture medium without... 

A new column design that allowed the separation of serum on G-200 by normal elution technique in conjunction with the application of an electric current so as to retard the serum components and increase resolution, was described by Bundschuh [243]. The technique was termed electro-retardation-filtration , greatly improved resolution was obtained and a general applicability of the technique to protein mixtures was claimed. 

Group-specific component protein This substance (= a2-globu-lin) is synthesized in the liver and binds actin. GCP is released upon hepatocyte decay its pronounced reduction in the serum results from the decrease in synthesis in acute liver failure. 

W30. Wright, G. L., Farrell, K. B., and Roberts, D. B., Gradient polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of human serum proteins improved discontinuous gel electrophoretic technique and identification of individual serum components. Clin. Chim. Acta 32, 285-296 (1971). 

The insulin molecule is exposed to multiple interactions with interfaces in vitro and in vivo. In vivo surface interactions are with protein and lipid serum components, membrane-bound receptors, or membrane surfaces [176,184—186]. Surface interactions strongly affect the folding of insulin and the interconversion between... 

D2. Deutsch, H. F., Morton, J. I., and Kratochvil, C. H., Antigenic identity of hyperglobulinemic serum components with proteins of normal serum. /. Biol. Chem. 882, 39 (1956). 

Analysis of cell components. Protein was determined with the Bradford dye binding assay using bovine serum albumin as standard ( )). Interference by Triton X100 was accounted for by ensuring that every sample had. 2% Triton. In order to determine the amount of unreleased protein from the sample pellets, all samples were treated for 5 minutes with IN NaOH at 100°C. 

Immobilized Cells. Cells can be immobilized in the walls of UF hollow fibers and can grow to tissue-like densities (106-107 cells /cm2) between the fibers. This is about 10 times higher than densities achieved in roller bottles the hollow fibers act like natural capillaries in carrying nutrients to the cells and in removing toxic wastes. Cultures can be maintained for months at a time. Products like interferon, monoclonal antibodies, antigens, viruses and hormones may be produced continuously with dramatic increases in yield. In addition, where proteins such as monoclonal antibodies are being produced, subsequent purification steps can be simplified because the product occurs in high concentrations with lower concentrations of serum components than is the case with conventional mouse ascites fluid or suspension culture procedures. 

---