Self-assembly saccharides

Ishi-i, T., Mateos-Timoneda, M.A., Timmerman, P., Crego-Calama, M., Reinhoudt, D.N., Shinkai, S. (2003) Self-assembled receptors that stereoselectively recognize a saccharide, Agnew. Chem., Int. Ed. 42, 2300-2305. 

Hierarchic design of assembled structures should be important for preparation of functional mesoscopic structures. Typical examples can be seen in biological systems where tissues of organisms in living systems consist of assemblies of cells with cell membranes composed of self-assembled lipids, proteins, saccharides, etc. Therefore, tissues and organisms can be regarded as (at least) two-level assemblies lipid to... 

Membranes and Molecular Assemblies The Synkinetic Approach 6 Calixarenes Revisited 7 Self-assembly in Supramolecular Systems 8 Anion Receptor Chemistry 9 Boronic Acids in Saccharide Recognition 10 Calixarenes An Introduction, 2nd Edition 11 Polymeric and Self Assembled Hydrogels From Fundamental Understanding to Applications 12 Molecular Logic-based Computation 13 Supramolecular Systems in Biomedical Fields 14 Synthetic Receptors for Biomolecules Design Principles and Applications... 

The interaction of boronic acids with saccharides " and anions has been extensively investigated, and boronic acids have also been exploited in a range of applications as diverse as sensing and separation, " NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) shift reagents, functional polymers for electrophoresis, and molecular self-assembled capsules and materials. 

Figure 12 Multivalent display of saccharide residues can be achieved with a broad variety of molecular architectures including self-assembled supramolecular systems (FG = functional group).

FIGURE 9.37 Self-assembly of M12L24 complexes with 24 saccharide moieties at the periphery. (Reprinted from Ref. [50] with permission of American Chemical Society. Copyright 2007.)... 

These results show that pyridine served as a catalyst for particle formation. In this way, the reversible formation of submicrospheres led to a system capable of self-assembly in response to pH changes. It is also of interest that the submicrospheres have a morphological signalling capability toward saccharides. 

This book, entitled Boron Sensing, Synthesis and Supramolecular Self-Assembly, is part of the Monographs in Supramolecular Chemistry series edited by Philip Gale and Jonathan Steed and follows in the footsteps of BoronicAcids in Saccharide Recognition released in 2006 as part of the same series and edited by Sir J. Fraser Stoddart. This present book extends the scope in that it covers all aspects of the supramolecular chemistry of boron and also includes many interesting developments in the use of boron-based synthetic building blocks. 

Nakashima has prepared a phenylboronic acid terminated redox active self-assembled monolayer on a gold electrode as an electrochemical sensor for saccharides. Self-assembled monolayers of 89, a phenylboronic acid terminated viologen alkyl disulfide, function as a sensitive saccharide sensor in aqueous soluhon [168]. 

Studies on glycoside interactions include H NMR diffusion experiments of -octyl- and -nonyl-p-D-glucosides in a- and p-CDs " hydrogen-mediated self-assembly of rigid and planar metaUocyclophanes and their recognition for mono- and di-saccharides " " the complexation of metal ions by D-galacturonic acid." ... 

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