Selenium in plants

Jump R.K., Sabey B.R. Soil test extractants for predicting selenium in plants. In Selenium in Agriculture and the Environment, L.M. Jacobs, ed. Madison, IL Soil Science of America, Inc. 1989. 

Olson [68] also studied this method and was able to determine down to 0.02 xg/g selenium in plant materials. 

Vijayakumar et al. [69] has described a method for the determination of trace quantities of selenium in plant tissues based on the interaction of selenium(IV)-iodine with an acid medium, leading to the liberation of iodine. This method was utilised for the indirect determination of selenium by AA spectrophotometry. The iodine is extracted into benzene and subsequently reductively stripped into an aqueous solution of ascorbic acid. After the extrac-... 

The hydride generation ICP-mass spectrometric technique [75] had a sensitivity of 6.4 ng/g selenium in plant material and was applied to digests of corn, kale and rice. In the isotope dilution mass spectrometric technique [77], the samples were spiked with 76-selenium solution and digested on a heating block at 150 °C with a mixture of nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide. Solid-phase microextraction was used to extract selenium from plant material prior to the gas chromatographic techniques [76]. See also Sects. 7.34.1 and 7.34.2. 

Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (1973) The Analysis of Agricultural Materials - Selenium in Plant Material, Method 70, Technical Bulletin RB 427, HMSO, London, UK. 

Selenium in Plants and Selenized Yeast Food Supplements 522... 

M. Montes Bayon, T. D. Grant, J. Meija, J. A. Caruso, Selenium in plants by mass spectrometric techniques Developments in bio-analytical methods, J. Anal. Atom. Spectrom., 17 (2002), 1015 D1023. 

Little is known about the mobility of selenium in plants. The lesser uptake of selenium may be due to a lower mobility of selenium, to the formation of an insoluble complex between selenite and iron at the acidic pH of the -nutrient solution or to selenium toxicity. The large amount of Se accumulated by the roots of soybeans may reflect a seleniw toxicity. 

Banuelos GS, Meek DW. 1990. Accumulation of selenium in plants grown on selenium-treated soil. J Environ Qual 19(4) 772-777. 

Lauchli a (1993) Selenium in plant uptake, functions, and environment toxicity. Bot Acta 106 455 — 468. 

De Bias OJ and Mateos NR (1996) Determination of total arsenic and selenium in plants by atomic absorption spectrometry with hydride generation and flow injection analysis coupled techniques. JAOAC Int 79 764-768. 

Zhang Y and Frankenberger WT (2001) Specia-tion of selenium in plant water extracts by ion exchange chromatography-hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry. Sd Total Environ 269 39-47. 

Tan Y and Marshall WD (1997) Enzymatic diges-tion-hi pressure homogenization prior to slurry introduction electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry for the determination of selenium in plant and animal tissue. Analyst (London) 122 13-18. 

Bisbjerg, B. Studies on Selenium in Plants and Soils, Danish Atomic Energy Commission, 1972... 

Zhang, L.-S., and Combs, S. M. (1998). Double calibration (external calibration and stable isotope dilution) for determining selenium in plant tissue by hydride generation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. Int. 81(5), 1060. 

The occurrence of selenium in plants has been known since 1932 and thousands of plant analyses have been carried out on crop, forage and range plants [6]. Sele-nate is the form considered most available to plants [49], although there may be uptake of other forms by accumulator species. 

The forms of selenium in plants are better known than their biochemical formation. Most of the organic forms are sulfur analogs and the pathways may be similar to sulfur compound formation [47]. Nisson and Benson [37] suggested the following pathway for reduction of selenate to selenite, which is the form which reacts to form amino acids containing selenium. 

A general scheme for the biochemical pathways of selenium in plants is illustrated in Fig. 2, along with the flow of various selenium compounds between plants, animals and soils. 

Thacker, E. The role of selenium in plants, in Selenium in Agriculture, US Dep Agriculture Handbook No. 200, Washington, D.C., US Government Printing Office, 1961... 

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