Sedative-hypnotics classification

Glassification of Substance-Related Disorders. The DSM-IV classification system (1) divides substance-related disorders into two categories (/) substance use disorders, ie, abuse and dependence and (2) substance-induced disorders, intoxication, withdrawal, delirium, persisting dementia, persisting amnestic disorder, psychotic disorder, mood disorder, anxiety disorder, sexual dysfunction, and sleep disorder. The different classes of substances addressed herein are alcohol, amphetamines, caffeine, caimabis, cocaine, hallucinogens, inhalants, nicotine, opioids, phencyclidine, sedatives, hypnotics or anxiolytics, polysubstance, and others. On the basis of their significant socioeconomic impact, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, and opioids have been selected for discussion herein. 

Assignment of a drug to the sedative-hypnotic class indicates that it is able to cause sedation (with concomitant relief of anxiety) or to encourage sleep. Because there is considerable chemical variation within the group, this drug classification is based on clinical uses rather than on similarities in chemical structure. Anxiety states and sleep disorders are common problems, and sedative-hypnotics are widely prescribed drugs worldwide. 

Drug(s) Alcohol Classification/ Action Sedative-hypnotic Route/Method of Administration Oral, from various beverages [wine, beer, other alcoholic drinks] Effect Desired by User Euphoria relaxed inhibitions decreased anxiety sense of escape Principal Adverse Effects Physical dependence impaired motor skills chronic degenerative changes in the brain, liver, and other organs Additional Information See Chapter 6... 

Central nervous system depressants are medications that suppress the transmission of information throughout the central nervous system. There are seven broad classifications of central nervous system depressants. These are sedative-hypnotics, general and local anesthetics (discussed later in this chapter), analgesics, narcotic analgesics (Chapter 16), anticonvulsants, antipsychotics, and antidepressants (discussed later in this chapter)... 

There are seven broad classifications of medications that depress the central nervous system. These are sedative-hypnotics, general and local anesthetics, analgesics, narcotic analgesics, anticonvulsants, antipsychotics, and antidepressants. 

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