Red seaweeds

Red rubber Red Rubber 107 Reds 1 Red seaweed Red tide algae Red TR [3165-93-3]... 

Agar is a gelatinous product isolated from seaweed (red algae class, Rhodophyceae), e. g., Ge-lidium spp., Pterocladia spp, and Gracilaria spp., by a hot water extraction process. Purification is possible by congealing the gel. 

Sources ndProcessing. Harvesting or collection of red seaweed is carried out by hand and is labor intensive. In some areas of the world this is accomphshed by divers. In other places the seaweed can be collected at low tide by wading or from small boats. After collection, the seaweed is dried and bleached in the sun prior to baling. 

Carrageenan. The term carrageenan [19000-07-1] is the generic description for a complex mixture of sulfated polysaccharides that are extracted from certain genera and species of the class Fhodophjceae red seaweed. 

A useful property of the red seaweed extracts is their abiUty to form gels with water and milk. Kappa-carrageenan reacts with milk protein micelles, particularly kappa-casein micelles. The thickening effect of kappa-carrageenan in milk is 5—10 times greater than it is in water at a concentration of 0.025% in milk, a weak thixotropic gel is formed. 

Scarlet GN, 119. See also FD C Red 4 scopalomine, 178 SD-40, 56, 70, 174 SD alcohol 40-B. See ethanol SDIC. See sodium dichloroisocyanurate seaweed extract. See agar, carrageenan sequestering agents, 19,49-54,242. See also water softeners serine, 123... 

Jongaramruong, J. and Blackman, A. J. 2000. Polyhalogenated monoterpenes from a Tasmanian collection of the red seaweed Plocamium cartilagineum. J. Nat. Prod. 63 272-275. 

There are two general types of seaweed gums of commercial importance, the brown and the red algae (Figure 6) ( I). 

D-arabino-Hexuionic acid ( 2-Keto-D-gluconic acid ) O H H HO hoh2 c—c—c—c—c—c ooh HO HO H red seaweed, Chondrus crispus ( )... 

Pereira RC, Donato R, Teixeira VL, Cavalcanti DN (2000b) Chemotaxis and chemical defenses in seaweed susceptibility to herbivory. Rev Bras Biol 60 405 414 Pereira RC, Da Gama BAP, Teixeira VL, Yoneshigue-Valentin Y (2003) Ecological roles of natural products of the Brazilian red seaweed Laurencia obtusa. Rev Bras Biol 63 665-672 Pereira RC, Pinheiro MD, Teixeira VL, Da Gama BAP (2002) Feeding preferences of the endemic gastropod Astraea latispina in relation to chemical defenses of Brazilian tropical seaweeds. Braz J Biol 62 33 10... 

Sudatti DB, Rodrigues SV, Coutinho R, Da Gama BAP, Salgado LT, Amado Filho GM, Pereira RC. Transport and defensive role of elatol at the surface of the red seaweed Laurencia obtusa. J Phycol (in press)... 

Dethier MN, Williams SL, Freeman A (2005) Seaweeds under stress manipulated stress and herbivory affect critical life-history functions. Ecol Monogr 75 403 418 Diaz E, Guldenzoph C, Molis M, McQuaid C, Wahl M (2006) Variability in grazer-mediated defensive responses of green and red macroalgae on the south coast of South Africa. Mar Biol 149 1301-1311... 

Ceh J, Molis M, Dzeha TM, Wahl M (2005) Induction and reduction of anti-herbivore defenses in brown and red macroalgae off the Kenyan coast. J Phycol 41 726-731 Cetrulo GL, Hay ME (2000) Activated chemical defenses in tropical versus temperate seaweeds. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 207 243-253... 

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