Scouring machines

For worsted yams, scouring can be conducted at a maximum temperature of 60 C for 30 min with 1 g/1 non-ionic detergent and 0.5 ml/1 acetic acid (80%). Woollen spun yams lubricated with oleine are scoured at 30 C with soap or synthetic detergent and sodium carbonate. The addition of solvent is sometimes advantageous for the removal of oils. Tape scouring machines are generally used for the scouring of hanks. 

Batch Type Scouring Machines (Rope Form)... 

Continuous Scouring Machines 5.5.1 Saturator - J-Box-rope washer... 

Another continuous solvent scouring machine for knitted and woven fabrics is shown in Fig. 5-16. The Bruckner Solvanit continuous process is used for simultaneous scouring, cleaning and for shrinking. The cloth is transported by a patented... 

Scouring machines of wool depend on the kind of wool to be scoured i.e. raw wool, hank form or woven fabrics. Scouring of wool can be carried out in batch or continuous process, aqueous or solvent media and rope or open width form. 

In the conventional scouring machine (Fig. 5-17), raw wool is propelled through a tank filled with warm water containing detergent, raked through the bowl, conveyed by means of a transfer mechanism to squeezing rollers and then earned into another similar tank. The bowls have false bottoms consisting of perforated plates... 

In the jet scouring machines (Fig. 5-19) the wool travels on a conveyer belt or a... 

Woollen and worsted yams, unless dry spun contain significant amount of lubricating oil and are usually scoured in hank form in a continuous scouring machine. The hanks are transported through the scouring sets either by tape (Fig. 5-21) system or by battrices (Fig. 5-22). Usually, the sets have four bowls two scour bowls, one rinse bowl and a final bowl where acidification and moth proofing is carried out. There is a pair of squeeze roller between each bowl. The top roller is usually lapped with wool or cotton sliver and the bottom roller is made of metal. Pressure is applied to have an expression of about 60%. The characteristic features of the two types of machines are summerised in Table 5.2. It is normal to scour only 1-2... 

The dolly (Fig. 9.28) consists of heavy wooden feet which are lifted by the cams on the shaft. When lifted to the top of the arc described by the cam, the foot is released and falls, with the momentum of its own weight, onto the goods. The tub containing the load moves backwards and forwards with a reciprocating movement so that the dollying action is equally distributed in its application. The rotary scouring machine (Fig. 9.29) consists... 

Fig. 9.29 Rotary scouring machine (Courtesy of Manlove AUiott)...

Abrasive treatments consist of scouring, machining, hand sanding, and dry and wet abrasive blasting. The abrasive medium can be fine sandpaper, carborundum or alumina abrasives, metal wools, or abrasive shot. Mechanical abrasion is usually preceded and followed by solvent cleaning. The choice is generally determined by available production facilities and cost. 

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