Media s. Solvents

Masidng s. Protection Media s. Solvents Meldmm s acids s. Malonic acid esters, cyclic Melt s. Salts, fused Mercaptals, cyclic... 

Masking s. Protection Matrix s. a. Template Media s. Solvents... 

Member of the Dirty Dozen (see chapter 1.2) 2> Solvent, technical fluids 3> Synthetic polymer 4> X-ray contrast media s> Pharmaceutical... 

As it can be seen from Table 6.4, the reaction yields depend on the media s basicity and in a stronger degree on the presence of substituents in the pyridine ring. In addition, it was demonstrated that the yields of compounds 13 using ammonium fluoride as a base without a solvent were identical to the yields of 13 using EtsN. Based on experimental data it was suggested that the fluorine substituent in product 13 arrives from counter anion (Bp4, SbFg, or PFg ). ... 

A facile one-pot procedure for the s)mthesis of symmetric carboxylic acid anhydrides utilizes tosyl chloride (0.5-0.6 equiv) in K2CO3 media under solvent-free conditions. The desired anhydrides are formed by grinding the reaction mixture for 15 5 min in a mortar. The products were isolated by stirring the reaction mixture with CH2CI2 or CHCI3 followed by filtration and concentration. ... 

According to the above energy characteristics of the heteromolecular association process (resolvation) in specific media, the solvent exchange affects the products output (the relationship of output c and K s is estimated from the equation [9.66]). This shows that the product output (with initial concentration of reagents 0. IM) can be changed from 34% (pure heptane) to 4 % (pure n-chlorotoluene) by changing the binary mixed solvent composition. The processes [9.85a] and [9.85] can be eliminated completely when the solvate active component (more basic then chlorotoluene) is used. 

Media s. Silicone oil, Solvents Medium, superacidic reactions in - 27, 159 Meeiwein s. Wagner Meisenheimer complexes 28,123 suppl. 28... 

McMnrry reagent (TiCU/LiAlH ) 12, 587s31 28,950s31 31,752 Media s. a. Solvents dry... 

Solvent Effects on the Rate of Substitution by the S l Mechanism Table 8 6 lists the relative rate of solvolysis of tert butyl chloride m several media m order of increasing dielectric constant (e) Dielectric constant is a measure of the ability of a material m this case the solvent to moderate the force of attraction between oppositely charged par tides compared with that of a standard The standard dielectric is a vacuum which is assigned a value e of exactly 1 The higher the dielectric constant e the better the medium is able to support separated positively and negatively charged species 8olvents... 

Tucker, S. A. Amszi, V. L. Acree, Jr., W. E. Studying Acid-Base Equilibria in Two-Phase Solvent Media, /. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 80-82. 

Figure 4c illustrates interfacial polymerisation encapsulation processes in which the reactant(s) that polymerise to form the capsule shell is transported exclusively from the continuous phase of the system to the dispersed phase—continuous phase interface where polymerisation occurs and a capsule shell is produced. This type of encapsulation process has been carried out at Hquid—Hquid and soHd—Hquid interfaces. An example of the Hquid—Hquid case is the spontaneous polymerisation reaction of cyanoacrylate monomers at the water—solvent interface formed by dispersing water in a continuous solvent phase (14). The poly(alkyl cyanoacrylate) produced by this spontaneous reaction encapsulates the dispersed water droplets. An example of the soHd—Hquid process is where a core material is dispersed in aqueous media that contains a water-immiscible surfactant along with a controUed amount of surfactant. A water-immiscible monomer that polymerises by free-radical polymerisation is added to the system and free-radical polymerisation localised at the core material—aqueous phase interface is initiated thereby generating a capsule sheU (15). 

Dicarbocyanine and trie arbo cyanine laser dyes such as stmcture (1) (n = 2 and n = 3, X = oxygen) and stmcture (34) (n = 3) are photoexcited in ethanol solution to produce relatively long-Hved photoisomers (lO " -10 s), and the absorption spectra are shifted to longer wavelength by several tens of nanometers (41,42). In polar media like ethanol, the excited state relaxation times for trie arbo cyanine (34) (n = 3) are independent of the anion, but in less polar solvent (dichloroethane) significant dependence on the anion occurs (43). The carbocyanine from stmcture (34) (n = 1) exists as a tight ion pair with borate anions, represented RB(CgH5 )g, in benzene solution photoexcitation of this dye—anion pair yields a new, transient species, presumably due to intra-ion pair electron transfer from the borate to yield the neutral dye radical (ie, the reduced state of the dye) (44). 

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