Scouring cotton machines

Uses Detergent for scouring cotton, synthetics, and biends, for use in jet dyeing machines... 

Woollen and worsted yams, unless dry spun contain significant amount of lubricating oil and are usually scoured in hank form in a continuous scouring machine. The hanks are transported through the scouring sets either by tape (Fig. 5-21) system or by battrices (Fig. 5-22). Usually, the sets have four bowls two scour bowls, one rinse bowl and a final bowl where acidification and moth proofing is carried out. There is a pair of squeeze roller between each bowl. The top roller is usually lapped with wool or cotton sliver and the bottom roller is made of metal. Pressure is applied to have an expression of about 60%. The characteristic features of the two types of machines are summerised in Table 5.2. It is normal to scour only 1-2... 

Hanks are mercerized on a machine of the type illustrated in Fig. 3.15, although there are many other designs. The hanks, which have been scoured previously, are placed over arms which apply tension. They then rotate the yarn, at the same time themselves moving in an arc to immerse the cotton in a caustic soda solution of specific gravity L3, equivalent to 27 per cent concentration. After a few minutes the arms move to another position, where the bulk of the alkali is rinsed out before tension is removed. A further movement accompanied by relaxation of stretch permits removal of the hanks, which are then rinsed in acetic acid and thoroughly washed T with water. A mercerizing machine for open-width cloth is shown in g. 3.16. 

Cuprammonium rayon is made from scoured and bleached cotton linters or purified wood pulp with a high a cellulose content. The cellulose is washed and then pressed until it contains about 50 per cent of water. In this state, it is placed in a mechanical mixer together with cuprammonium solution and agitated until completely dissolved, whilst the temperature is maintained at 5° C (41 °F). The solution is then diluted to about 10 per cent concentration. After filtration and exposure to vacuum to remove air bubbles and dissolved gases, the solution is allowed to ripen in enclosed vessels until it is the desired viscosity. In modem practice copper carbonate is mixed intimately with the cellulose in a shredding machine and the resultant mass is then broken up and stirred for some hours with aqueous ammonia and caustic soda, when it passes into solution. 

Uses Detergent for scouring and bleaching of cotton and syn. fibers in jet and pkg. dyeing machines... 

Uses Scouring agent for post-scouring reactives on cotton and cotton blends, removing hydrolyzed dye for improved fastness and faster cleanup time Features Nonfoaming exc. for jet machines non-surface active Apolloscour KBA [Apollo]... 

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