Schuster studies

In 1977, Koo and Schuster studied the CL emission produced when diphe-noyl peroxide was decomposed at 24°C in dichloromethane in the dark producing benzocoumarin and polymeric peroxide [111, 112]. No CL emission was observed directly as benzocoumarin is nonfluorescent however, in the presence of aromatic hydrocarbons light was produced because of the fluorescence of these hydrocarbons. The explanation of this phenomenon was based on the above-mentioned CIEEL the aromatic hydrocarbons, which have a low oxidation potential, transfer one electron to diphenoyl peroxide to form a charge-transfer complex, from which benzocoumarin and the corresponding hydrocarbon in the excited state are produced (Fig. 13). 

The original observation of long-term depletions of DA in the rhesus monkey was made during a study of the development of tolerance to the effects of daily injections of METH (Fischman and Schuster 1977). In this study, it was found that behavioral tolerance to METH on a differential-reinforcement-of-low-rate (DRL) task persisted long after the repeated METH regimen. In a similar study conducted later, monkeys treated with repeated METH showed reduced sensitivity to apomorphine and increased... 

Ricaurte, G.A. Schuster, C.R. and Seiden. L.S. Long-term effects of repeated methylamphetamine administration on dopamine and serotonin neurons in the rat brain A regional study. Brain Res 193 153-163,... 

Oellerich, M., Klupmann, W.R., Beneking, M., Sybrecht, G.W., Staib, A.H., and Schuster, R., Determination of theophylline in serum by nonisotopic immunoassays (EMIT, SLFIA, NIIA) and HPLC-CA comparative study, Fresenius Z. Anal. Chem., 311,355,1982. 

Schuster and Brizzolara<61> have provided a very nice study of the photochemistry of 10-hydroxymethyl-A1 9-2-octalone (87). Schuster and Patel<13) previously used radical fragmentation reactions as probes for the nature of the intermediates in the cyclohexadienone rearrangement. This compound (87) was designed so that it could undergo a radical fragmentation reaction in competition with the usual type A rearrangement if the intermediate involved has radical character (n -> n triplet). Photolysis produced (88)—(92) ... 

Schuster, P. F., M. M. Reddy, and S. I. Sherwood (1991), A quantitative field study of the role of acid rain and sulfur dioxide in marble dissolution, La Conservation des Monuments dans le Bassin Mediterranean, Proc. 2nd Int. Symp., Geneve. 

Timmermann B, Mo R, Lift FC, Gerdts E, Busjahn A, Omvik P, Li GH, Schuster H, Wienker TF, Hoehe MR, Lund-Johansen P. Beta-2-adrenoreptor genetic variation is associated with genetic predisposition to essential hypertension the Bergen blood pressure study. Kidney Int 1998 53 1455-1460. 

The results from a series of early studies of the products formed from irradiation of DAX appeared to show that XA does not react with hydrocarbons or simple olefins (Reverdy, 1976a,b,c.). However, later reports (G. W. Jones et al., 1978, 1979) seemed to contradict many of these claims. Our more recent investigation of XA resolves the apparently conflicting results and provides further information on the forces that relate structure to reactivity for aromatic carbenes (Lapin and Schuster, 1985). 

Andres, J., Cardenas, R., Silla, E. and Tapia, 0. A theoretical study of the Meyer-Schuster reaction mechanism minimum-energy profile and properties of transition-state structures,. /. Am. Chem. Soc., 110 (1988), 666-672... 

Tapia, O. and Andres, J. A simple protocol to help calculate saddle points. Transition state structures for the Meyer-Schuster reaction in non-aqueous media an ab initio MO study., Chem. Phys. Letters, 109 (1984), 471-477... 

Tapia, O., Lluch, J. M., Cardenas, R. and Andres, J. Theoretical study of solvation effects in chemical reactions. A combined quantum chemical/Monte Carlo study ofthe Meyer-Schuster reaction mechanism in water, J. Am. Chem.Soc., Ill (1989), 829-835... 

Schuster, D., Laggner, C. and Langer, T. (2005) Why drugs fail - a study on side effects in new chemical entities. Current Pharmaceutical Design, 11, 3545-3559. 

A former student of Roscoe s, Schuster had been appointed to a new chair in applied mathematics at Manchester in 1881, following his studies at Heidelberg, Berlin, and the Cavendish Laboratory. One of his competitors for the position was J. J. Thomson, who had briefly been a student in engineering at Manchester under Osborne Reynolds. In his inaugural address, Schuster freely... 

The work that paved the way toward enzymatic inhibition was published in the early 1990s by Wudl and coworkers (Schinazietal., 1993 Friedmanetal., 1993 Sijbesma et al., 1993) and since then studies regarding antiviral activity, mainly HIV-protease inhibition, have been carried out to find active compounds. Up to now, the most effective fullerene derivatives are the trans-2, -dimethy 1-bis-fulleropyrrolidin-ium salt (Fig. 1.4) (Marchesan et al., 2005) and the dendrofullerene reported by Hirsch (Schuster et al., 2000) both of them present an ECJ0 of 0.2pM. Also HIV reverse transcriptase can be inhibited by, -dimcthyl-bis-fulleropyrrolidinium salts (Mashino et al., 2005). The same compounds are also active against acetylcholine esterase (AChE), an enzyme that hydrolyzes a very important neurotransmitter. 

Once isolated, the natural H2 producers can be optimized by conventional mutagenesis, and they should be studied so that we can understand those features that make them the best H2 producers. This characterization would involve the analysis of metabolic fluxes (Stephanopoulos and Sinskey 1993 Schuster et al. 1999) and molecular genetics. It would result in new, previously unknown adaptations necessary for improved H2 production, and could provide information on the most important mutations that are required to obtain excellent H2 producers. Information obtained from these experiments should be used in genetic engineering approaches for optimizing H2 producers. Moreover, excellent H2 producers should be used in bioengineering approaches. 

The old and lasting problem of heterogeneous catalysis, the mechanism of alkene hydrogenation, has also been approached from the viewpoint of structure effects on rate. In 1925, Lebedev and co-workers (80) had already noted that the velocity of the hydrogenation of the C=C bond decreases with the number of substituents on both carbon atoms. The same conclusion can be drawn from the narrower series of alkenes studied by Schuster (8J) (series 52 in Table IV). Recently authors have tried to analyze this influence of substituents in a more detailed way, in order to find out whether the change in rate is caused by polar or steric effects and whether the substituents affect mostly the adsorptivity of the unsaturated compounds or the reaetivity of the adsorbed species. Linear relationships have been used for quantitative treatment. 

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