Scalp bums

Yet another problem arises when people who have already colored their hair with metallic dye use a conventional dye. Manufacturers add hydrogen peroxide to conventional hair dyes to develop the color and to lighten the hair. Many metals catalyze the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen, and this reaction produces a lot of heat. It can actually cause scalp bums. 

Scalp bums in the setting of hair highlighting were found to be in two categories (1) chemical injury from the corrosive nature of the mixture used for highlighting and a toxic reaction to dyes and (2) thermal injury from spilled hot liquids or scalp contact with overheated aluminum foil or from the blow dryer [344],... 

Jensen and S0sted [353] report two cases of scalp bums secondary to use of hair bleaching and dyeing. One was a 12-year-old girl who developed an area of necrosis of the scalp with hair loss after a professional hair bleaching procedure [353],... 

Cicatricial alopecia is one of the most common complications from scalp bum injuries [355]. The hair is unable to regrow because the hair follicles are also burned, especially when such scalp injuries are not treated with skin grafting [355]. Especially in children, patients who develop cicatricial alopecia may have psychological effects secondary to alterations in appearance [356]. An additional concern is that dermal malignancies such as squamous cell carcinomas... 

The US Food and Drug Administration s Office of Cosmetics and Colors has reported that accidental injuries involving hair dyes and straighten-ers are among the most common consumer complaints [351], The most common cosmetic-related hair loss seems to be secondary to poor or improper techniques performed by hairstylists [373], In the cases reviewed by Chan and Maibach [344], the scalp bum injuries might have been prevented if the procedures had been performed more carefully [344], If hairstylists had a knowledge of the potential risks and hazards of the chemicals used in hair highhghting, this could potentially reduce the risk of scalp injuries. 

Maguina P, Shah-Khan M, An G, Hanumadass M. Chemictil scalp bums after hair highUghts. J Bum Care Res. 2007 28 361-3. 

Kerner E, Matheny K, Boerman JA, Sullivan WG. Facial and scalp bums from hair activator products. J Burn Care Rehabil. 1988 9 524-5. 

Patient 2 A 33-year-old male with 39% TBSA full-thickness bums. His posterior trunk was skin-grafted, as were the hands (he subsequently lost all 10 digits), face, neck, chest, shoulders, and scalp. BTM was applied to bilateral circumferential forearms and arms (16% TBSA, Figure 22.19). His BTM sustained 100% graft take (applied Day 31 postimplantation) and was stable at Day 103 when he was discharged to a rehabilitation center. 

While not directly a chemical skin injury, cases of thermal injuries have been reported when patients have recently applied certain flammable hair care (activator) products and then have been exposed to open flames which ignited the products, resulting in thermal bums to the face, scalp, ears, back, neck, and extremities [370, 371]. At least some of these hair care products contained ammonia thioglycolate which was labeled as being highly flammable [371]. 

Chan HP, Maibach HI. Hair highlighting and severe acute irritant dermatitis bum of the scalp. Cutan Ocul Toxicol. 2010 29 229-33. 

Goon P, Misra A. A possible chemical burn to the scalp following hair highlights. Bums. 2005 31 530-1. 

Jensen CD, S0sted H. Chemical bums to the scalp from htiir bleach and dye. Acta Derm Venereol. 2006 86 461-2. 

Wong A, Johns MM, Teknos TM. MaijoUn s ulcer arising in a previously grafted bum of the scalp. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2(X)3 128 915-6. 

Boucher J, Raglon B, Valdez S, Haffajee M. Possible role of chemical hair care products in 10 patients with face, scalp, ear, back, neck, and extremity bums. Burns. 1990 16 146-7. 

Tsilhqot in (BC, Canada) texa taxa Bum texa with own hair and rub ashes on hair and scalp to stop hair from going gray (Kay 1995 Turner 2004b)... 

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