Salicyluric acid

Salicyl-sdure, /. salicylic acid, -streupulver, n. salicylated talc, -sulfonsaure, /. sulfo-salicylic acid, -talg, m. salicylated tallow, -ursaure, /. salicyluric acid, -watte, /, salicylic cotton. 

In 1911, Neuberg186 detected small amounts of gentisic acid (2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid) in the urine of dogs dosed with aspirin. The metabolism of aspirin is intertwined with that of salicylic acid, but I was unable to ascertain who first reported the metabolic formation of salicyluric acid, the major metabolite of both salicylic acid and aspirin, specifically after administration of aspirin. 

A PFIA, commercialized by Abbot, is one of the most common immunochemical methods used in clinical laboratories to analyze salicylic acid (SA) in serum. The assay also recognizes gentisic acid (GA) but is insensitive to salicylamide, salicyluric acid, and conjugates of S A and of its metabolites [187]. 

Determination of various analgesic and antipyretic pharmaceuticals on reversed phase has included not only the analysis of serum levels of aspirin, salicylic acid and salicyluric acid using acidified acetonitrile (557), or methanol (338), but also suUinpyrazone under isocratic conditions (339), and 6-chloro-a-methylcarbazole-2-acetic acid (340). The polar thiol metabolites of acetaminophen were analyzed by RPC and the method was found to be superior to other chromatographic techniques used in this analysis (341). 

Salicylazosulfapyridine, 281 Salicylic acid, 221,278,282,286,297 Salicyluric acid, 282, 286 Salting-out chromatography, 120 Sample concentration, at p< k maximum, 31,32... 

Pharmacokinetics Absorption differs between formulations. Protein binding 50%-80%. Bound to serum albumin. Metabolized to salicylate glucuronides and salicyluric acid. Excreted in urine. 

Figure 8 Mean serum levels of salicylic acid, gentisic acid, and salicyluric acid of 10 volunteers. Total salicylate represents the sum of the three individual compounds. Error bars indicate 95% confidence interval of the mean. Source From Ref. 99.

If the salicylate level continues to rise, the respiratory centers become depressed, the PC02 level becomes elevated, and the blood pH becomes more acidic, causing respiratory acidosis. Dehydration, reduced bicarbonate levels, and the accumulation of salicylic acid, salicyluric acid resulting from metabolism of aspirin, and lactic and pyruvic acid resulting from deranged carbohydrate metabolism may cause metabolic acidosis. 

The relationship between gastric residence time (GRT) and the variability in aspirin absorption from enteric-coated tablets has also been evaluated with the Heidelberg capsule [59], The study design was a single dose crossover study with men and women, fasted and fed. In addition to pH monitoring, plasma concentrations of salicylic acid and salicyluric acid in plasma and urine were measured. GRT was significantly delayed in the fed state, and women had longer GRT compared with men. 

Russel FG, Wouterse AC, Van Ginneken CA. 1987. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for the renal clearance of salicyluric acid and the interaction with phenolsulfon-phthalein in the dog. Drug Metab Dispos 15 695-701. 

Thin-layer Chromatography. System TD—aspirin Rf 18, salicylic acid Rf 07, salicyluric acid Rf 00 system TE—aspirin Rf 16, salicylic acid Rf 11, salicyluric acid Rf 00 system TF—aspirin Rf 30, salicylic acid Rf 25, salicyluric acid Rf 00. 

High Pressure Liquid Chromatography. In plasma aspirin, salicylic acid, and salicyluric acid, sensitivity 50ng/ml for aspirin in plasma also aspirin metabolites in urine, UV detection—J. N. Buskin eta/., Clin. Chem., 1982,28,1200-1203. In plasma or urine aspirin and its major metabolites, detection limits in plasma lOOng/ml for aspirin and salicyluric acid, 500 ng/ml for salicylic acid, and 200 ng/ml for gentisic acid, UV detection—R. H. Rumble et a/., J. Chromat., 1981,225 Biomed. AppL, 14, 252-260. 

Barbituric Acid Carbazochrome Carbidopa Cromoglycic Acid Lysergic Acid Paramethadione Phthalylsulphacetamide Phthalylsulphathiazole Salicyluric Acid Succinylsulphathiazole Sulphasalazine Valproic Acid... 

Salicylates, test on blood, 6 test on stomach contents, 5 test on urine, 4 Salicylazosulphapyridine, 993 Salicylic acid, 26, 965 in horse urine, 96 (metabolite), 362, 763, 967 quantification in plasma, 26 Salicylic acid acetate, 361 Salicylideneisonicotinohydrazide, 966 Salicylosalicylic acid, 967 Salicyluric acid, 362, 966 Saligel, 965 Salinazid, 966 Salipran, 376 Salisulf, 993... 

In another study, the kinetics of aspirin, salicylic acid, and salicyluric acid were followed upon oral... 

Mason, W.J. Winer, N. Kinetics of aspirin, sahcyhc acid, 33. and salicyluric acid following oral administration of aspirin... 

The biotransformation of salicylic acid to salicyluric acid in Rhesus monkey has also been reported by Wan et al. (13). The dose of salicylic acid given intravenously to the monkey is equivalent to a 625-mg, dose for a 70-kg. man. The terminal half life for the animal studied was 50 min. (Fig. 8), which is shorter than the 3-4-hr. average half-life in man. The clearance value for salicylic acid estimated from the area under the curve was 10 ml/min or 1.8 ml/min/kg, in marked contrast to the data obtained for benzoic acid in rabbits where clearance was found to be between 44 and 115 ml/min or 12.6-28.8 ml/min/kg. In a single intravenous study in the monkey, benzoic acid was found to have a plasma clearance of 140 ml/min or 38.1 ml/min/kg. Plasma clearance of salicylic acid in man, at a dose level of about 500 mg administered intravenously, was found to be in the range of 0.57 ml/min/kg body weight according to the data of Riegelman et at. (14). The fraction of the dose excreted as salicyluric acid in 16 hr. was found to be 72%. 

Ketone bodies Sulfanilamide Oxalic acid Hippuric acid Homogentisic acid Glucuronic acid Formaldehyde Isoniazid Salicylates Cinchophen Salicyluric acid... 

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