Safety regulations types

Typical analysis for the neutralization wet process product is given in Table 5. Sodium cyanide is packed in mild steel or fiber dmms and in 1.4 t Flo-bins. Dry sodium cyanide is also shipped in wet-flo tank cars and tmcks of up to 32 t net. At destination, water is circulated through the wet-flo car or trailer to dissolve the dry sodium cyanide at deUvery. This type of shipment reduces freight costs and reduces environmental risks compared with 30% aqueous solution shipment. Safety regulations are imposed by the various shipping lines and by the countries in which cyanide is transported. 

Figure 15.4 shows a procedure for the refilling of returnable containers with a chemical of assured quality. (This will require some combination of documentation, sampling and analysis to ensure that the chemical is of the correct type, and in the intended condition.) This is applicable to drums and plastic containers, and bottles, but some modifications are necessary for pressure systems, i.e. gas cylinders, covered by the Pressure Systems Safety Regulations 2000 including ... 

The principle of the 1988 Consumer Safety Regulations is that all filling materials and covering fabrics shall be ignition resistant against specified flames. An exception is made for specified types of fabric which may be used with a flame retarded interliner. 

Consumer Safety Regulations are based on test procedures which are scientifically unsound and that they contradict the essentials of composites testing and hazard based fire tests, large scale hazard based tests involving the newer types of combustion modified PU foams with suitable fabrics have shown... 

Class A Explosive Under the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) safety regulations, as per 49 CFR 173.53, there are nine types of Class A explosives including solid or liquid explosives, and ammunition, which can be detonated under conditions specified by DOT. These regulations provide specific descriptions of tests for the different types of Class A explosives. 

Regulations were introduced to lessen the administrative load on the authority and to simplify the procedure for granting a postapproval variation without negotiating any quality attribute of drug product [10]. Under these regulations, type IA and type IB were defined also, clearcut terms were introduced for extension application, parallel/consequential notification/variation, and urgent safety restriction. For streamline operation of these regulations, four documents have been prepared ... 

After each CVI experiment nitrogen was used to check the change in permeance of the membrane. For several membranes also permeance measurements were performed with He, H2 or CO2. In these cases the corresponding permselectivities could be calculated, which are a better indication of the membrane quality than the change in nitrogen permeance only. Unfortunately this type of measurements was not possible with our silane set-up (see Figure 2) because of safety regulations involved. 

There are several types of irritancy testing protocols that are used to comply with federal and international safety regulations. The classic Draize test was developed in 1944 to measure acute primary irritation. The test compound is applied in an occluded fashion to a clipped area of abraded and intact skin of at least six albino rabbits and evaluated 24 hr and 72 hr after patch removal. The degree of erythema and edema, ranging from one to four, is recorded to reflect severity of the irritation. Because these tests are occluded, irritancy is potentiated due to hydration, which reduces the skin barrier. The Draize test may be modified to assess sensitization by preexposing animals to a sensitizing dose of the study chemical and then rechallenging the animals at a later date to illicit the immune-mediated response. 

What if we have an exposed conductor that is not connected to earth (such as for equipment with a two-wire ac cord), or if earthing is itself not an acceptable level of protection for that particular type of equipment as per safety regulations Then, besides the layer of basic insulation, we need another insulating layer (with identical dielectric withstand capability). This is called supplementary insulation. Together these two layers (basic + supplementary) are said to constitute double insulation. We could also use a single layer of insulation, with dielectric withstand properties equivalent to double insulation (i.e. 3000 V ac or 4242 V dc). That would then be called reinforced insulation. So for example, if the equipment is by design, meant only for a two-wire ac cord, we would need two layers of approved insulators (or... 

In a radioanalytical laboratory, a number of safety regulations must be strictly observed. The first step should always be to make a calculation of the expected activity it is very important because it determines the type of laboratory needed and governs the safety measures and the waste disposal. It should always be considered whether the conditions can be changed in order to reduce the radioactivity or whether a short-lived radionuclide can be used instead of one with a longer half-life. 

The first level in Figure 2.1 is Regulations. The different types of regulatory strategy are discussed below. Information to do with specific process safety regulations is provided later in this chapter. 

Establishes a definition of what types of vehicles and drivers fall iinder specific motor carrier safety regulations. 

The terms motor carrier and/or commercial motor vehicle bring to mind the 18-wheelers we frequently see barreling down the highway. Though these types of vehicles are subject to regulation, many other types of vehicles also fall under the jurisdiction of the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) and are subject to the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations (FMCSRs). 

---