S-Butyl methacrylate

Xie, S., Svec, F., and Frechet, J.M.J., Rigid porous polyacrylamide-based monolithic columns containing butyl methacrylate as a separation medium for the rapid hydrophobic interaction chromatography of proteins,. Chromatogr. A, 775, 65, 1997. 

Mori, S., Separation and detection of styrene-alkyl methacrylate and ethyl methacrylate-butyl methacrylate copolymers by liquid adsorption chromatography using a dichloroethane mobile phase and a UV detector, J. Chromatogr., 541, 375, 1991. 

Brown and White employed this approach to prepare block copolymers of styrene and mcthacrylic acid (6). They were able to hydrolyze poly(styrene-b-methyl methacrylate) (S-b-MM) with p-toluenesulfonic acid (TsOH). Allen, et al., have recently reported acidic hydrolysis of poly(styrene-b-t-butyl methacrylate) (S-b-tBM) (7-10). These same workers have also prepared potassium methacrylate blocks directly by treating blocks of alkyl methacrylates with potassium superoxide (7-10). 

We first attempted to hydrolyze S-b-tBM with TsOH under the same conditions which were unsuccessful for S-b-MM. This time, although the polymer was again incompletely soluble in the reaction milieu, the t-butyl methacrylate block appeared to be quantiatively hydrolyzed. The t-butyl bands listed above are no longer observed in the IR spectrum (Figure 2b). The carbonyl band is broadened and shifted to 1704 cm-1, and a C-O-H stretch is observed at 1280 cm-1. A weak, broad band at 2625 cm 1 and a shoulder at 1735 cm 1 can be attributed to hydrogen-bonded O-H and C=0 stretches, respectively. 

The Preparation of MM-b-MA and MM-b-MA.K. Inspired by the unexpected selectivity of the reaction of TMSI with S-b-MM and S-b-tBM, we decided to attempt the preparation of poly(methyl methacrylate-b-t-butyl methacrylate) (MM-b-tBM) and its unprecedented conversion to MM-b-MA. 

The results of this work are not limited to just S-b-MM and S-b-tBM, but may be extended to include styrene derivatives such as p-methylstyrene and p-t-butylstyrene 1). In addition to t-butyl methacrylate, other alkyl esters capable of stabilizing a carbonium ion, such as benzyl methacrylate and allyl methacrylate, should exhibit similar reactivity toward acidic hydrolysis and TMSI. In contrasting the hydrolysis of tBM blocks with TsOH and their reaction with TMSI, it should be noted that the hydrolysis is reportedly catalytic in nature (7-10), whereas the reaction with TMSI is stoichimetric. Therefore the latter approach may allow one to more easily "dial in" a desired level of methacrylic acid or metal methacrylate. 

Methyl and ethyl methacrylate polymers, although extensively used in Industry, do not possess the solubility characteristics (low polarity) that would make them appropriate for use over traditional oil paintings and other organic-based museum objects that might be sensitive to polar solvents such as alcohols, ketones and esters. Poly(n-butyl methacrylate), offered as an artists varnish in the late 1930 s, did not become widely accepted in the war-disrupted decade that followed. Accordingly, early in 1951, our laboratory began a detailed study of the higher alkyl methacrylate polymers for potential use as picture varnishes (1). 

B., 37, 362 (1995). The authors claimed that acetone solutions (5, 10 and 20%, specifically) of a sample that had gel permeation chromatography retention time close to that of a linear polystyrene of 1.1 x 106 molecular mass, had four decades lower viscosity than the corresponding solutions of flexible-chain linear poly(butyl methacrylate). However, in our opinion, neither the examined sample was characterized satisfactorily enough to be referred to as a dendrimer, nor the rheology was described sufficiently enough to draw any conclusions about the solution s flow behavior. Therefore, we refer to this paper here only for reasons of curiosity. 

Qin, S., et al., Polymer brushes on single-walled carbon nanotubes by atom transfer radical polymerization ofn-butyl methacrylate. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2003. 126(1) p. 170-176. 

Figure 17. Logarithmic dependence of the scattered light intensity, I, on time, t, for polystyrene-inter-cross-poly(butyl methacrylate) Semi-II IPN s. Registration anglel 8F) 10 ...

A review is given on the kinetics of the anionic polymerization of methyl methacrylate and tert.-butyl methacrylate in tetrahydrofuran and 1,2-dimethoxy-ethane, including major results of the author s laboratory. The Arrhenius plots for the propagation reaction+are linear and independent of the counterion (i.e. Na, Cs). The results are discussed assuming the active centre to be a contact ion pair with an enolate-like anion the counterion thus exhibiting little influence on the reactivity of the carbanion. 

Then the decomposition is expected to be more favorable as the number of / -hydrogen atoms is larger. This is the case for the poly(a-substituted benzyl methacrylate)s as shown in Figure 7. However, when poly(t-butyl methacrylate) containing nine / -hydrogen atoms was exposed to an electron-beam, the amount of acid group formed was smaller than that for poly (a,a-... 

Figure 15. Influence of the Polyester Yellow dye film absorbance and polymer binder material on the marking threshold energy. PnBMA = poly(n-butyl methacrylate) PiBMA = poly(isobutyl methacrylate) PS = polystyrene PsBMA = poly (sec-butyl methacrylate) PVB = polyvinylbutyl PMMA = polymethyl methacrylate PVAC = polyvinylacetate, S-iBMA = poly(styrene-co-isobutyl methacrylate), PC = polycarbonate S-AN — poly(styrene-co-...

Considering the polymers in which the side chain asymmetric carbon atom is in the y-position with respect to the main chain, a remarkable difference in molar rotation has been found between the monomeric units of the polymers and the model compounds in the case of poly-(S)-5-methyl-l-heptene but not in the case of poly-[(S)-2-methyl-butyl]-vinyl-ether or in the case of poly-(S) l.3-dimethyl-butyl methacrylate. The discrepancy might be related both to conformational and to electronic (113 a) factors. 

Block copolymers can be produced from terminally borane-containing polyolefins. These borane-containing POs can be synthesized by the metallocene-catalyzed (co)polymerization of olefin(s) monomer with 9-BBN as a chain transfer agent or by the metallocene catalyzed copolymerization of olefins with allyl-9-BBN [55,56], as referred to above. Alternatively, borane-containing POs were prepared by hydroboration of terminally unsaturated PO, for instance, terminally vinyl PE and terminally vinylidene PP [33-35,57]. Such method could produce diblock copolymers, such as polyethylene-block-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PE-fo-PMMA), polypropylene-foZock-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PP-fc-PMMA), polypropylene-foZock-poly(butyl methacrylate) (PP-fc-PBMA), and PP-fc-PS. 

Fig. 6.21. Electrochromatographic separation of benzene derivatives on monolithic capillary column prepared by UV initiated polymerization. Conditions capillary column, 100 pm i.d. x 25 cm active length stationary phase poly(butyl methacrylate-co-ethylene dimethaciylate) with 0.3 wt. % 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-l-propanesulfonic acid pore size, 296 nm mobile phase, 75 25 vol./vol mixture of acetonitrile and 5 mmol/L phosphate buffer pH 7 UV detection at 215 nm 25 kV pressure in vials, 0.2 MPa injection, 5 kV for 3 s. Peaks thiourea (1), benzyl alcohol (2), benzaldehyde (3), benzene (4), toluene (5), ethylbenzene (6), propylbenzene (7), butylbenzene (8), and amylbenzene (9).

The DHI s may be solution cast with certain polymers. Examples of photochromic plastics prepared this way are poly (methyl methacrylate), poly (n-butyl methacrylate), copoly (vinylidene chloride-acrylonitrile) (e.g., SARAN F), polycarbonate, and polystyrene-butadiene (e.g., Panarez). 

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