Rooting of cuttings

Morgenstern, E.K., J.M. Nicholson and Y.S. Park. 1984. Clonal selection in Larix laricina. I. Effects of age, clone and season on rooting of cuttings. Silvae Genet. 33 155-160. 

Fries, A. and Z. Kaya. 1997b. Parameters affecting shoot production and rooting of cuttings from lodgepole pine hedges. New Forests 12 101-111. 

Compound (V) is used as an insecticide and is marketed as a 50 per cent solution under the name of hanane, which also contains 5 per cent of O.M.P.A. Hanane properly placed at the roots of cocoa trees kills mealy-bugs in the crown of the tree without harming beneficial insects such as ants which effect pollination. Five hundred trees infested with mealy-bugs were treated 2 10 per cent of the trees, chosen at random, were cut down before treatment and after treatment, and the number of mealy-bugs counted under a binocular microscope. After 6 weeks only thirty-five mealy-bugs were present on the treated trees as opposed to 42,971 counted before treatment in the untreated portion, a reduction of 99-9 per cent. It is well known that several species of mealy-bug, especially Pseudococcus ujalensis, transmit strains of swollen shoot virus, which kill the cocoa tree in 2-4 years. Thus the spread of the disease can be effectively controlled by this systemic insecticide (see also p. 171). 

Diseases in Propagators. Propagation of cacao by rooting branch cuttings is at present done extensively in many countries. Losses due to disease while the cuttings remain in the propagator are heavy. Desrosiers and von Buchwald (1U)... 

The most effective time to cut, to weaken the roots of perennials and avoid seeding. Is when flower buds are just beginning to show. Scything Is a quiet, pollution-free option, though it does require practice and the scythe blade must be kept sharp. The alternative Is an electric- or gas-powered line trimmer or, on level ground, a lawnmower. 

Individual collars placed around cabbage or broccoli will frequently protect them from root maggots. Cut 6-inch squares or disks of foam rabber, carpet padding or tarpaper. Punch a small hole in the middle and make a slit from the edge to the hole. Fit the barriers tightly around vulnerable plants and cover each barrier with enough earth to hold it down. 

Leakage past these labyrinths is approximately inversely proportional to the square root of the number of labyrinth lands. This translates into the following relationship if leakage is to be cut in half in a four labyrinth seal The number of labyrinths would have to be increased to 16. The Elgi leakage formula can be modified and written as ... 

The powdered roots of C. tinctorium were extracted with ethanol (% 96, v/v) using a soxhiet apparatus to remove low molecular weight compounds. Extraction procedures continue until no color could be observed in the ethanol. The residue was extracted with water at 50 °C, 2 hour for two times. Obtained extract was filtered through gauze and Whatman GF/A glass fiber filter and then concentrated at 40 °C in vacuum and dialysed at cut-off 3500 Da to give a 50 °C crude extract. The extracts was kept at-18 °C or lyophilized. 

Equation (31) implfes that the uncertainty of the determination of a peak area is proportional to the square root of the integration time (peak width). It should be noticed that in Eq. (31) and Tj are not independent a is the standard deviation of the (first order) baseline noise for a given time constant Tj, determining the cut-off frequency of the noise. It can be proven that the variance is proportional to T in case of 1/f noise. 

Other applications for PGRs include the enhancement of crop establishment through the promotion of roots from cuttings, the prevention of sprouting in storage potatoes and the stimulation of germination and hence of starch hydrolysis in malting barley prior to fermentation. 

Wood ashes.—The ash of wood, not coal, contains about 30 per cent, of potassium carbonate. Prior to the exploitation of the Stassfurt salts about the middle of the nineteenth century, the chief source of potash was wood ashes, and the process is still used in certain localities where wood-fuel is employed and where much waste wood is available—e.g. in some parts of Canada, United States, Russia, Spain, etc. The ash of trees, hedge-cuttings, sawdust, etc., can be made to yield potash.5 In the Caucasus, the sunflower is grown on waste land for the sake of its seed. The stalks, leaves, etc., are a by-product and are burnt the ash is used as a source of potash. Nearly 7000 tons per annum of crude potash from this source were exported from Novorossik in Russia. The residues in the manufacture of olive oil and almond shells are also stated by G. l Abate to be exceptionally rich in potash salts F. W. F. Day claims that the roots of the water hyacinth (eiehornia crassipes) have... 

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