Room temperature dry

Figure 13 Influence of coupling agents and fiber content on the characteristic values of kenafreinforced recycled PE at room temperature (dry state) and after exposure in boiling water (wet-state) [57].

A dry, 300-ml., three-necked flask is equipped with a magnetic stirring bar and reflux condenser (to which is attached a Drierite-filled drying tube) and charged with 90 ml. of carbon tetrachloride (Note 1) and 15.42 g. of geraniol (0.10 mole) (Note 2). To this solution is added 34.09 g. of triphenylphosphine (0.13 mole) (Note 3), and the reaction mixture is stirred and heated to reflux for 1 hour. This mixture is allowed to cool to room temperature dry pentane is added (100 ml.), and stirring is continued for an additional 5 minutes. 

A. N-t-butylbenzaldimine. A 1-1. three-necked flask equipped with stirrer, thermometer, and condenser for downward distillation is charged with 109.5 g. (1.5 moles) of -butylamine (Note 1). Benzaldehyde (106 g., 1.0 mole) is then added in four increments to the stirred solution over a 20-minute period. A mild exotherm is noted which raises the temperature to 40-50°. Benzene (150 ml.) is then added and the solution is heated until distillation commences. Solvent (a mixture of amine, water, and benzene) is removed by distillation until a pot temperature of 110° is reached. The product mixture is then cooled to room temperature, dried over magnesium sulfate, and stripped free of solvent at aspirator pressure. Distillation of the yellow liquid so obtained yields 120-151 g. (78-94%) of colorless N-i-butylbenzaldimine, h.p. 59-63° (1 mm.), n D 1.5174, w Ojj 1.526O (Note 2). 

Zinc is attacked by moist air at room temperature. Dry air has no action at ambient temperatures but the metal combines with dry oxygen rapidly above 225°C. 

A solution of chloromethyl l,l,l,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propyl ether (754 g, 3.49 moles) in dry tetrahydrothiophene 1,1-dioxide (203 g, 3,49 moles) were stirred and heated to 130°C in a creased flask fitted with a fractional distillation assembly. A distillate (200 ml), b748 56.0° to 62°C, was collected during 5 h. Then the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, dry potassium fluoride (100 g, 1.74 moles) was added, and the cycle of operations was repeated 3 times at temperatures between 138° to 185°C to give distillates (100 ml, 100 ml and 50 ml), b746 58° to 61°C, 55.5° to 57°C, and 54.2° to 55.9°C, respectively. From this portionwise addition of potassium fluoride (503 g, 8.7 moles) there was obtained distillates totalling 672 g, b746 54.2° to 62.0°C, which by GLC analysis was about 92% fluoromethyl and 6.8% chloromethyl l,l,l,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propyl ether. 

The commercial anhydrous salt (0.15 mol) is heated during 30 min in a 250-ml round-bottomed flask, evacuated at < 15 mmHg. After cooling to room temperature dry Nj is admitted and the salt is dissolved in the THF. 

B. 2-Bromocyclopentenone ethylene ketal. A solution of 22.00 g (136.7 mmol) of freshly distilled 2-bromo-2-cyclopentenone, 21.80 g (351.2 mmol) of ethylene glycol, 1.5 L of benzene (Note 4), and 60 mg of p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate is refluxed for 64 hr (Note 5), with azeotropic removal of water, in a 3-L, round-bottomed flask, equipped with a Dean-Stark trap, condenser, and Drierite drying tube. The solution is cooled to room temperature, dried with potassium carbonate, and filtered by vacuum through 15 g of Celite. The filter cake is washed with 150 mL of benzene. Removal of the solvent under reduced pressure yields a mobile yellow oil. Distillation (65-67°C, 0.7 mm) affords 22.4 g (109.0 mmol, 80%) (Note 6) of the ketal (Note 7). 

MALDI-TOF-MS assay, purified proanthocyanidins in acetone were mixed with a matrix solution ( ra 5-3-indoleacrylic acid, 5 mg/100 pL in 80% aqueous acetone). The mixture (0.2 pL) was applied on a stainless steel target and dried at room temperature. Dried mixtures were subject to MALDI-TOF-MS using anN2 laser as the ionization and reflection mode for mass separation. Proanthocyanidins trimers to nonomers were detected (Krueger et ah, 2003). 

Peptide (20-50 fmol in 0.5 pi) was pipetted onto a target slide and allowed to air-dry for 5 minutes. The slide was then cooled on ice and 0.5 pi of a pre-cooled, freshly prepared solution of 0.25% w/v C-5 quaternary N-hydroxysuccinimide ester dissolved in 12% w/v trimethylammonium bicarbonate (pH 8.5) was added and left over ice for a further 10 min. The slide was then allowed to warm to room temperature, dried under high vacuum (15 min) and matrix added for MS analysis as described below. 

Solid carbon dioxide is called dry ice. At room temperature, dry ice is used to create the illusion of fog on stage. 

Alcohol Medium Silica was obtained from tetraethyl silicate in a water-alcohol medium at room temperature, dried at 385K for 20 h, and calcined for 16 h at 875K. Silica was impregnated with aluminum isopropoxide solution in benzene. After Id exposure to air, benzene was evaporated, and the product was subjected to slow hydrolysis. 

X-ray phase analysis is used for identification of mineral phases of rocks, soils, clays, or mineral industrial material. The phase analysis of clays is particularly difficult because these materials generally consist of a mixture of different phases, like mixed and individual clay minerals, and associated minerals, such as calcite and quartz. Placon and Drits proposed an expert system for the identification of clays based on x-ray diffraction (XRD) data [45]. This expert system is capable of identifying associated minerals, individual clay minerals, and mixed-layer minerals. It can further approximate structural characterization of the mixed-layer minerals and can perform a structural determination of the mixed-layer minerals by comparison of experimental x-ray diffraction patterns with calculated patterns for different models. The phase analysis is based on the comparison of XRD patterns recorded for three states of the sample dried at room temperature, dried at 350°C, and solvated with ethylene glycol. 

This residual water has the same interaction energy as the first water molecules absorbed in the room temperature dried sample (fig. 3). Only two hydration regimes are observed during the room temperature sorption isotherm (fig. 3 and 4). 

Figure 2. Room temperature sorption-desorption isotherms of acid Nafion. Key , room temperature dried absorption , 220° C dried primary absorption , 220° C dried desorption Q, 220° C dried secondary absorption.

Most of the measurements were carried out under so-called "standard state" to obtain reproducible results, i.e., the "standard swollen state" is obtained after a half-hour boiling the membranes in water, and the "standard-dry state" is obtained after drying the membranes at 107°C for 18 hrs in vacuum oven. Hereafter the measurements under the standard state are simply designated as "dry" or "swollen" state. Some measurements were carried out under nonstandard states the membranes dried at room temperature are designated as "room-temperature dry" membranes, and the specimens immersed in water at room temperature for a few days are designated as "immersed" membranes. 

Figure 15. Hv light-scattering patterns for the carboxylic acid and sodium-carboxylated membranes having 1100 EW under room-temperature dry state, and those immersed in HzO and C2H5OH.

Ni(II)/C (50.5 mg, 0.038 mmol, 0.74mmol/g), dppf (10.7 mg, 0.019 mmol), and lithium ferf-butoxide (74.3 mg, 0.90 mmol) were added to a flame-dried 5-mL round-bottomed flask under a blanket of argon at room temperature. Dry toluene (0.5 mL) was added by syringe and the slurry allowed to stir for 90 minutes. 

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