RNA, siRNA

Small interference RNA siRNA-NCX1, siRNA-NCX1, siRNA-NCX3... 

Small interfering RNAs (siRNA) are the mediators of gene-specific silencing by RNA interference. SiRNA stands for small interfering RNA duplexes. They are typically 21-23 bp in length. SiRNA were either chemically synthesised for experimental purposes or produced by Dicer-mediated cleavage of long double-stranded RNA. 

Recently, the related phenomenon of RNA interference (RNAi) has attracted much attention [5]. RNAi occurs when a short (generally 21 nucleotides in length) double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) catalyticaUy represses the translation of a fully complementary mRNA sequence. The process appears to proceed via a complex formed between the antisense RNA strand and a protein with RNase activity [6]. Upon binding to the target mRNA sequence, the ribonucleoprotein complex initiates cleavage of the mRNA transcript thus preventing translation of intact protein. After dissociation from the truncated mRNAs, the ribonucleoprotein complex is free to act on other intact mRNAs. Such small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) have... 

Oligonucleotide-based drugs such as antisense drugs, aptamers, and small interfering RNA (siRNA) have attracted considerable attention as promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of various human diseases [59], To develop... 

RNAi Approach This is the use of short interfering RNA (siRNA, sometimes called small interfering or silencing RNA) to interfere with the expression of a particular gene. The siRNAs are double-stranded RNAs of 20-25 nucleotides. It is envisaged that if the biological pathway of a disease is identified, siRNA could interfere to turn off the activity of the gene involved in the pathway and provide therapeutic effect. 

RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular defense mechanism through which double stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) are processed into short lengths of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) of 20-25 nucleotides by an enzyme called Dicer (Fig. 3.10). 

Persengiev SP, Zhu X, Green MR (2004) Nonspecific, concentration-dependent stimulation and repression of mammalian gene expression hy smil interfering RNAs (siRNAs). RNA 10 12-18... 

HT-RNAi screens of mammalian cells primarily use either short interfering RNA (siRNA) or small-hairpin RNA (shRNA) libraries. Although there are similarities between the two platforms, screening using siRNA libraries has the advantages of having minimal... 

Small interfering RNA (siRNA)—Short double-stranded RNA molecules able... 

Ptasznik A, Nakata Y, Kalota A et al. Short interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting the Lyn kinase induces apoptosis in primary, and drug-resistant, BCR-ABL1(+) leukemia cells. AarMe<72004 10 1187-1189. 

Preclinical evidence indicates that knockdown of BRCAl by small interference RNA (siRNA) in T47D cells leads to a 50-fold increase in resistance to paclitaxel. The increased sensitivity to paclitaxel observed in BRCAl reconstituted cells correlated with the activation of the mitotic checkpoint and an increase in apoptosis (40,55). 

Fig. 22.1. A model of gene silencing. Long, double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) are processed into 20-26 nucleotide small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) by Dicer (Step 1). The siRNAs associate with an RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC, Step 2), unwinding and activating in the process (Step 3). The antisense strand of the siRNA guides the RISC to complementary mRNA molecules (Step 4), which are cleaved and destroyed (Step 5). Sense and antisense RNA strands are indicated by thick and thin lines, respectively.

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