Retailer Conventional

The three principal domestic uses for rice in 1988 were direct food (61%), processed food (18%), and beer (20%). The direct food use figure includes the conventional white milled rice plus specialty rice products (parboiled, precooked, aromatic, brown, and prepackaged mixes) shipped directly from the rice mills. The specialty products account for approximately one-fifth of the direct food use. Approximately two-thirds of the direct food use rice is ultimately distributed to consumers through retail outlets and one-third through food service outlets. 

Organic food is primarily sold through conventional retail stores (mainly supermarkets) and is thus supplied where most of the consumers do their shopping. 

Additional costs because the multiple retailers require two hindquarters for every fore-quarter - ideally a three legged beast The spare fore-quarter will have to be sold in the conventional market at conventional prices, thus increasing the cost of the remaining 75%. 

Requirements, specifications and distance to retail markets. For example, retailers increasingly apply the same size and visual quality requirements to organic and conventional fruit. Under supermarket specifications, even slight deviations in size or minor skin defaults that do not negatively affect the eating quality or hygiene of the fruit are usually rejected. The often substantial effort required to achieve these mainly cosmetic quality characteristics is often considered to detract attention and resources from important nutritional and sensory-related qualities. 

The roadmap has been intentionally represented in terms of prices, because that is what is perceived by the public. This obviously means the expected costs are much lower. If this is the case, the period 2010-20 is when PV electricity will be competitive with retail prices from the grid (starting from the sunniest regions) and peak load generation. Later, the electricity can be competitive at the wholesale level, that is, with all conventional electricity production today. 

A recent survey in Scotland indicated that consumers appeared to delegate responsibility for ethical issues in meat production to the meat retailer or the government (Andersen et al., 2005). This was attributed to the fact that consumers did not seem to wish to be reminded about issues connected with the animal when choosing conventionally produced or organic meat (McEachern and Schroder, 2002). Moreover, organic meat was perceived as expensive, especially when consumers did not perceive a positive difference in quality. This resulted in some consumers being more interested in conventional meats with added-value features or from animals housed under improved welfare conditions rather than organic meat. 

The wholesale cost of electricity from conventional (fossil or nuclear) power plants varies from 5(2 to 10(2 for a kilowatt-hour, but this wholesale price rises up to 18 /kWh by the time it is delivered to users. In addition to the wholesale cost of generation, there are transportation and distribution costs as well. The total for us in Connecticut in June, 2007 came to 18.9 /kWh. In 2007 the national average "retail" prices by end-user sector were as follows ... 

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