Resveratrol chemopreventive effects

Kapadia GJ, Azuine MA, Tokuda H, Takasaki M, Mukainaka T, Konoshima T, Nishino H (2002) Chemopreventive effect of resveratrol, sesamol, sesame oil and sunflower oil in the Epstein Barr virus early antigen activation assay and the mouse skin two-stage carcinogenesis. Pharmacol Res 45 499... 

Resveratrol (3,5,4-trihydroxystilbene), which occurs naturally in grapes and other foods, has chemopreventive effects in different systems, based on its striking inhibition of diverse cellular events associated with tumor initiation, promotion, and progression (27). We found that resveratrol suppressed tumor-... 

In addition to their possible prooxidant activity (see above) polyphenols and flavonoids may influence cancer cells via their antioxidant properties. Recently, Jang et al. [219] studied cancer chemopreventive activity of resveratrol, a natural polyphenolic compound derived from grapes (Chapter 29). These authors showed that resveratrol inhibited the development of preneoplastic lesions in carcinogen-treated mouse mammary glands in culture and inhibited tumorigenesis in a mouse skin cancer model. Flavonoids silymarin and silibinin also exhibited antitumor-promoting effects at the stage I tumor promotion in mouse skin [220] and manifested antiproliferative effects in rat prostate cancer cells [221]. 

Although quercetin may stimulate UGT, it inhibits human hepatic sulfation of resveratrol, acetaminophen, dopamine, (-)-salbutamol, minoxidil, and paracetamol in vitro.69,98-101 This inhibition may be chemopreventive, as activation of some promutagens occurs via SULT reactions.68 However, SULT inhibition may also lead to the accumulation of some xenobiotics and possible toxicity. The magnitude of inhibition by quercetin of SULT appears dependent on the isoform because SULT1A3 is less affected than other isoforms, suggesting a tissue-dependent effect of quercetin.69... 

We originally isolated resveratrol from the roots of Cassia quinquangulata, a plant collected in Peru, and reported its possible effects as a chemopreventive agent. In recent... 

Chemoprevention is an emerging and promising approaeh to control human cancer. Several natnral products have been proven to have potentials as anticancer agents. Resveratrol is one such compound. Recently, increasing interest has focused on examining the effect of resveratrol in breast cancer prevention and treatment. The present review summarizes the recent studies on the role of resveratrol in cancer prevention and therapy, especially in human breast cancer, that provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of resveratrol. The estrogenic activity of resveratrol, as well as its in vitro and in vivo antiproliferative and chemoprotective activities, will be discussed here. 

Resveratrol may be beneficial particularly in postmenopausal women for cardioprotection and osteoporosis prevention. " This effect may be due to the estrogenic effect of resveratrol. Moreover, as shown above (Section 26.6.7) by its ability to modulate activity of cytochrome P450 enzymes, resveratrol would have positive effect as a chemopreventive agent. However, no studies have yet been conducted to examine the possible clinical application of resveratrol for cardioprotection, osteoporosis prevention, or chemoprevention. 

Polyphenols, such as curcumin, quercetin and resveratrol, are some examples of naturally occurring phytochemicals with proven antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, beneficial cardiovascular effects," antiatherosclerotic effects, chemopreventive, and anticarcinogenic effects. An abundance of mechanistic information has become available on how polyphenols derived from dietary sources, which have putative chemopreventive properties, interfere with tumor promotion and progression. The effect of these bioactive compounds on the organism is influenced by their bioavailability, namely, their ability to be effectively absorbed by the human body. However, the polyphenols have a poor bioavailability and are rapidly metabolized by human body, losing their potential beneficial effects. ... 

---