Results linearity test

Analysis From the graph of the stress test results, linear regression is seen to be appropriate (this in effect means that at these small quantities of water vapor the hygroscopic tablets are far from thermodynamic saturation). The slopes, in mg of water per day per pouch, are compared ... 

This is the basis for our new test of linearity. It has all the advantages we described it gives an unambiguous determination of whether any nonlinearity is affecting the relationship between the test results and the analyte concentration. It provides a means of distinguishing between different types of nonlinearity, if they are present, since only those that have statistically significant coefficients are active. It also is more sensitive than any other statistical linearity test including the Durbin-Watson statistic. The tables... 

Another interesting comparison is between the coefficients for the functions representing the best-fitting models for the data and the coefficients for the functions that result from performing the linearity test as described in the previous chapter [4], We have not looked at these before since they are not directly involved in the linearity test. Now, however, we consider them for their pedagogic interest. These coefficients, for the case of testing a quadratic nonlinearity of the data from Figure 67-1, are listed in Table 67-2. 

Table XI presents the results of tests on the same materials in the NBS smoke chamber. It is immediately clear that these results do not correlate well with those measured on the RHR apparatuses. Furthermore, an attempt at a linear correlation between the flaming mode specific maximum optical density and the Cone calorimeter SmkPar at 20 kW/m2 yielded a correlation coefficient of ca. 1%, a coefficient of variation of 217% and statistically invalid correlations. A comparison between a Cone and OSU calorimeter correlation and one with the NBS smoke chamber is shown in Figure 4. This suggests that unrelated properties are being measured.

In impact tests the order was the same except that Tritonal/D-2 95/5 and Picratol 52/48 were reversed Addnl work was conducted on the use of surfactants for reducing the interfacial tension between TNT and paraffin waxes. Refs 98 100 report results of tests using the n-octadecyl, n-hexa-decyl, n-dodecyl and n-hexyl esters of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzoic acid to permit stable homogeneous blends of paraffin waxes in molten TNT. It is reported that all these materials act as surfactants and that the interfacial activity increases as a linear function of the alkyl chain length of the ester. N-octadecyl 2,4,6-trinitrobenzoic acid also acts as a surfactant for the beeswax/TNT system. It was concluded, however, that the degree of reduction in the interfacial tension of... 

Precision and Accuracy. Table I shows the results of tests on the linear polyethylene NBS Standard Reference Material No. 1475. This reference material has a pellet-to-pellet coefficient of variation of 3% in the limiting viscosity number according to the NBS Certificate. At least 50 pellets are recommended for a representative sample on which limiting viscosity number is obtained. Nine analyses were performed over a period of about one month on the pellets, using approximately three pellets per determination. The analysis of these data is shown in Table I along with a comparison with the NBS data and their estimate of precision. 

Even though linearity tests are satisfactory (correlation coefficient r is above 0.995) for characterizing the spectro(photo)meter performance, in most of the cases, the curves show that the increase of the spectral bandwidth causes an apparent decrease in absorbance from the true absorbance. The accuracy of the spectro(pho-to)metric results is related both to the performance of the instrument and to the uncertainty due to the linear calibration curve (of the instrument) and, therefore, this uncertainty component must be evaluated. 

The temperature plays, of course, a role in both mechanisms the electric strength decreases with increasing T. Moreover, though expressed in volts per meter thickness, it depends on the thickness (again non-linearity). Thin films have a considerably higher strength than most values found in tables of properties, which are results of tests on thicker samples. 

The linearity test based on the XPT 90-210 (French Standard, 1999) was checked by performing a homogeneity test of variances based on the analysis of 5 standard solutions (ranging from 25 to 122 pg/L) using five different electrodes for each metal Cu, Pb and Cd. The application of the linearity test which has taken into account the five calibration curves gave correct results and revealed no problem of linearity. 

Data will be presented to show that the constant strain rate method of testing can give equally precise results with a very substantial saving in lime and physical effort. Eor flexurid strength, nail pull resistance, and core hardness there is a simple linear correlation between the results with the two machines. The ctmsiani strain rale machine can more accurately determine the maximum load causing failure than the constant stress rate machine. Correlation between the results of tests on either machine shows that the core hardness and nail pull resistance tests tend lo duplicate information on core properties. 

Inspection of these tables shows that the LOF test results are very similar to those for the models with intercepts. Comparison of Tables Il-b and Ill-b reveals that the SS residuals are somewhat larger for the zero intercept models than for the models with an intercept. This difference can be used to test the hypothesis that the intercept is zero. First, it must be demonstrated that the LOF is not significant since it would not make good sense to test the zero intercept hypothesis for linear models shown not to fit the data. Furthermore, the SS error and SS(LOF) should not be combined as SS residuals when LOF is significant. These requirements are met by the Case I results. To test the hypothesis that the intercept does not differ significantly from zero, calculate ... 

A linear system is said to be controllable if the system can be taken to any desired state x by controlling the input function. A linear system is said to be observable if the states x(t) can be determined from the observation of the output function. The following is a useful result for testing controllability and observability. 

If good results (linear M-S plots) are obtained with the first pH solution, then testing should be repeated with several different pH solutions to evaluate the pH dependency of the Ef. ... 

Fonr instrnments were deployed in unmanned sites, where they monitored VOCs in natural waters and wastewater during a period exceeding one year for each instrument The instruments were equipped with software that facilitated the automatic operation of each analysis, the identification and quantitation of VOCs from the raw mass spectra, and the transmission of the results to a remote control room via internet connection. In the remote control room, a personal computer with dedicated software displayed the results as bar graphs and was programed to activate alarms when set concentration thresholds were exceeded. Laboratory performance in terms of sensitivity, reproducibility, linearity tests, and comparison with P T/GC/MS together with field performance in terms of data output, most frequent maintenance operations and technical failures, and overall stability of the four remotely-controlled instruments are discussed. 

Non-linear finite-element models of high damping rubber bearings have been developed and implemented in the ABAQUS code in the framework of Italian cooperative studies for seismic isolation development. The Hyperelastic models used have been based on the results of tests on rubber specimens. The isolators models are validated through comparison of numerical results with complete bearing test data. 

Results of tests in Nigeria indicated that an approximate linear relationship exists between corrosion rate and salinity. Appreciable corrosion, however, occurred only at sites very close to the sea. The data for exposures at distances from 45 m to 50 km from the sea are given in Table 2.6 (see Sanyel,... 

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