Results inner membrane preparation

The synthesis of the photoaffinity probe, NAZA-FL, lc, will be described elsewhere. The effects of this acyclic modifier on mitochondrial activities were assayed as previously described (5,6). The results are summarized in the Table. The effects, and the effective concentration range, of compounds lc and La are similar in the dark. With the photolabile modifier,< T(c, illumination with strong light resulted in an irreversible preferential inhibition of the energy-dependent proton movements this effect was not relieved by phosphatidylcholine vesicles. Hence, the modifier became covalently bonded in the vicinity of its implantation. Additional experiments were performed with phosphate-washed (12) membrane preparations (ATPase-enriched inner membrane frac-... 

Even if the problems of poor crystal intergrowth due to local exhaustion of reactants in the autoclave and synthesis of zeolite material in the bulk of the solution were solved, an important problem remains, related to the fact that several batch synthesis cycles (with their associated heating and cooling processes) are often required to achieve a zeolite membrane of good quality. Thus, a synthesis procedure in which reactants are continuously supplied to the synthesis vessel while this is maintained at a constant temperature would clearly be desirable not only for performance but also for the feasibility of the scale-up. This type of approaches has already been tested for inner MFI and NaA zeolite membranes [33-35], and the results obtained indicate that the formation of concomitant phases and the amount of crystals forming in the liquid phase are greatly reduced. Similarly, the continuous seeding of tubular supports by cross-flow filtration of aqueous suspensions [36-37] has been carried out for zeolite NaA membrane preparation. 

Mitochondria have been prepared from plant tissues by a number of different techniques. Unfortunately, the variations in technique may also be reflected in the somewhat different compositions reported. Mitochondria, in general, have membranes containing a high concentration of phospholipids. Phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine are major components and are fairly evenly apportioned between the inner and outer membranes. Cardiolipin is found in high amounts in the inner membrane, while phospha-tidylinositol is mainly in the outer membrane. Phosphatidylglycerol is a minor component. These results are illustrated in Table XV. 

Very promising results were obtained with the polyethersulphone (PES) membranes. It is clearly observed from Figure 4 that, the PES membrane prepared by us following the method described above fulfilled the all requirements from a permselective membrane. Namely, the PES membrane allowed the H2O2 transport but not to the other interfering compounds (i.e., electroactive analytes). Therefore, we decided to use this membrane as the inner membrane for the construction of our sandwich type of glucose electrode. 

We prepared sandwich type of laminates by using different type of PC based membranes as the outer membrane. The inner membrane was the PES membrane which was described in the previous section. The enzyme layer prepared by using 6 il solution of GOD with BSA and 3 pi of glutaraldehyde (5%). The results of the studies related to the optimization of the composition of the enzyme layer were given elsewhere in detail (7.. We used these laminates with die Rank electrode described above, and measured the electrode response of the glucose in buffer solutions (5 ml) containing different amounts of glucose (up to 100 mM). 

Some ISEs containing no inner reference solution, as well as tubular potentiometric sensors, has been used in conjunction with FI systems for the determination of vitamins B, and Bg in pharmaceutical preparations. The membranes used for this purpose were prepared from the vitamin tetra(2-chlorophenyl)borate dissolved in o-nitrophenyloctyl ether and immobilized in PVC. The intrinsic behaviour of the tubular electrodes was assessed by using a low-dispersion single-channel FI manifold and compared with those of conventionally-shaped electrodes using the same membrane the results provided by both were very similar [119]. 

In the presence of an intact tympanic membrane, ototoxicity is less important, because the preparation has to be systemically absorbed for an ototoxic effect to occur. This issue is most relevant in cases of chronic suppurative otitis media with a perforated tympanic membrane for which the ototopical medication has the potential to reach the inner ear via the middle ear. Placed within the middle ear, ototopical medication may diffuse across the oval or round window, resulting in inner ear absorption. These windows consist of a thin membrane separating the middle ear space from the inner ear fluids. There is controversy regarding the clinical relevance of ototoxicity in cases of chronic suppurative otitis media. 

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