Responsible Care evolution

Chapter 2 Addressing Sustainability in the Chemical Industry This chapter looks at the scope and scale of the chemical industry the industry s response to formative developments and drivers and the evolution of its signature program, Responsible Care , with a look at its current role in advancing sustainability as well as future positioning. 

This section reviews the evolution of Responsible Care , with a look at its plans to become a broader business-driven initiative and its role in advancing sustainability. 

Jean Belanger s more indepth look at the evolution of Responsible Care can be found in Chemistry International. Mar/Apr 2005, pp. 4-9. 

It must be mentioned that when precautions have been taken to get a clean Pt surface, no peroxide is produced above 0.1 V (Fig. 5). However, the production of H2O2 is observed when care in the preparation of the electrode or purification of the solution has been insufficient [59]. At electrode potentials lower than 0.2 V, when species in relation with hydrogen evolution are adsorbed, peroxide is produced in a parallel way to the 4e reaction. The catalytic site density diminishes, so that it is tempting to hold this responsible for the decrease in bond breaking because bridging an O2 molecule between two adjacent metal atoms (Scheme 5) becomes more difficult when other species... 

This provides potential defensive proteins directed at almost every imaginable invader. It also ensures that every individual has a set of proteins that labels its own cells as "self," and that virtually every individual on earth has cell surface proteins different from those of every other person. In both the innate and adaptive responses the immune system must carefully distinguish "self" from "nonself."36 37 In the innate system this discrimination developed during evolution of the host and its pathogens. In the adaptive system it depends upon interaction of the T cells with surface molecules, primarily those of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). 

Heat evolution during immersion processes involving surface rehydration has been found to occur over a 20- to 40-minute interval, so that high precision methods are required if immersion heats include a contribution due to rehydration. The immersion heat determinations were carried out in a microcalorimeter having a temperature sensitivity of 5 X 10 6° C., rapid thermal response, and carefully determined heat transfer characteristics. The calorimetric system has a demonstrated capability of handling heat input rates as low as 0.005 joule per second (15). Samples for immersion were contained in very thin-walled bulbs holding... 

In their seminal paper on pharmaceutical care, Hepler and Strand described the evolution of the pharmacy profession from traditional apothecary functions in the early twentieth century to dispenser of medications in the 1950s, and through the clinical pharmacy movement beginning in the mid-1960s. The concept of pharmaceutical care represents the culmination of this professional maturation from a primary focus on the dispensing and administration of drug products to the acceptance of a social responsibility for the health care needs of individual patients. 

Clinical pharmacy practice in Spain is very closely linked to the concept of pharmaceutical care, as defined by Hep-ler and Strand J Pharmaceutical care is the responsible provision of drug therapy for the purpose of achieving definite outcomes which improve a patient s quality of life. So much so, in fact, that the term pharmaceutical care already implies the concept of clinical pharmacy. The evolution toward pharmaceutical care implies the step in which the pharmacist selects the therapy, taking responsibility for it, instead of only suggesting it to the doctor. 

Parallel to many technological developments, the twentieth century saw an evolution of medical ethics and medical legislation that went way beyond the content of the Hippocratic Oath. The need for all these considerations was precisely because the Hippocratic Oath provided no guidance to twentieth and early twenty-first century issues, such as the patient s rights, the ethics of experimentation, team care, and a medical researcher s or healthcare practitioner s societal or legal responsibilities. 

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