Resource renewables

Renewable carbon resources is a misnomer the earth s carbon is in a perpetual state of flux. Carbon is not consumed such that it is no longer available in any form. Reversible and irreversible chemical reactions occur in such a manner that the carbon cycle makes all forms of carbon, including fossil resources, renewable. It is simply a matter of time that makes one carbon from more renewable than another. If it is presumed that replacement does in fact occur, natural processes eventually will replenish depleted petroleum or natural gas deposits in several million years. Eixed carbon-containing materials that renew themselves often enough to make them continuously available in large quantities are needed to maintain and supplement energy suppHes biomass is a principal source of such carbon. 

Renewable energy sources or renewables contributed 2% of the world s energy consumption in 1998, including 7 exajoules (EJ) from modem biomass and 2 EJ for all other renewables (UNDP, 2000). The renewables are clean or inexhaustible and primary energy resources. Renewable technologies like water and wind power probably would not have provided the same fast increase in industrial productivity as fossil fuels (Edinger and Kaul, 2000). 

Renewable energy source Source of energy, such as wind, waves, tidal, or solar, that does not deplete any resource renewable energy sources are also nonpolluting. 

Hot dry rock (HDR) -geothermal resource [RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES] (Vol 21)... 

Because BINAP enantiomers and ( )- and (Z)-allylamine substrates are easily obtained, this stereochemical relation provides the following economical advantages (1) the option of taking the starting material from either a natural resource (renewable terpene) or petroleum, and (2) easy access to both enantiomers of citronellal from a single intermediate. 

Within the time interval [/0, tMGi] in each region the cost GMGi of natural resource renewal can vary linearly from the value GMGOi to the value Gmg 1( ... 

The proposed method for quantitatively describing the sustainability of resource utilization in a process has several advantages. First, it considers the degree of resource renewability, which allows even subtle differences in the depletion of different resources to be accounted for. Second, it also includes the (natural) reserves of resources, making the method yet more refined. Finally, the concept of depletion times and their translation to abundance factors allow the resource sustainability parameter a of a process to be limited by its most rapidly depleting resource, which is quite realistic. 

Hydrogen production technologies based on various primary energy resources—renewable energy resources,7 car-... 

Packaging Material Raw Material Fossil Resource Renewable Resource Overall Resource... 

Renewable resources (renewables) Usually defined as extraterrestrial energy supplies such as solar resources, but some authors include energy supplies of such types and magnitudes that they will be available for the estimated duration of human habitation on the planet. 

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