Resin bath

In most applications, polyester and vinyl ester resins are used as the matrix materials. Epoxies are also used, although they require longer cure times and do not release easily from the pultrusion dies. Hence, thermosetting resins are most commonly used with pultrusion, although some high-performance thermoplastics such as PEEK and polysulfone can also be accommodated. In addition to the resin, the resin bath may contain a curing agent (initiator, cf. Section 3.3.1.2), colorants, ultraviolet stabilizer, and fire retardant. 

It is difficult to control fiber volume fraction during wet winding because the tows are wound under tension and the fiber will move through the wet matrix material. Moreover, the parameters required for resin impregnation in the resin bath (band tension, and band speed through the resin bath) are typically coupled to the material laydown conditions. 

Filament-Winding. This requires a mandrel to shape the desired finished product. Continuous filament or woven tape is fed through a liquid resin bath to impregnate it, and then wound onto the mandrel in a calculated pattern to optimize the final properties (Table 15.27). The assembly is oven-cured. A collapsible mandrel can then be removed from the plastic product or the mandrel can be left as a part of the finished product. These are the strongest plastic products ever made. Typical products are pipes, tanks, and pressure bottles. Other suggested products... 

Imparts a soft, lofty, non-greasy handle to textile fibres. Excellent non-yellowing properties and no effect on dyed shades therefore especially suitable for application to pastel shades and optic whites. Can be applied from resin baths. 

Imparts a smooth soft handle to cotton and viscose, also applicable from resin baths. Can be applied to wool and is particularly recommended for use in the Hercosett Process. SOFTENING AGENT SME New can be used on all synthetic fibres and is of particular value where cationic softeners are undesirable. ... 

CNC CATALYST CC represents an organic catalyst solution of a common nature that has been accepted in the textile industry as a mild catalyst for resins for many years. It is extremely stable for long periods of time in resin baths at temperatures not normally encountered. Being a neutral material, no variation in finishing bath occurs from beginning of a run to the end. 

CNC CATALYST CC presents no compatibility problems with materials regularly used in the resin bath. Many metallic salt catalysts do tend to be unstable in the presence of some softeners and emulsions. 

The required amount of CNC CATALYST CC can be added directly to the resin bath because it is completely soluble. 

Will crosslink with free formaldehyde in a resin bath which results in reduced formaldehyde odor. 

STANTEX WEIGHTER 4445 is normally applied to fabric from the durable press resin bath along with the fabric softeners. It does not interfere with the resin treatment and is compatible with all resin systems. 

Is a versatile emulsifier for solvents, vegetable oils, and waxes. In the leather industry, it is used as an emulsifier for tanning chemicals. Textile uses include resin bath penetrants, polymer stabilizers, solvent scour emulsifiers, and enzyme bath penetrants. It is also used in cold water scours for felted fabrics. 

INTEX BINDER 18 is also recommended as a hand modifier for synthetic or blended fabrics. Particularly when the product is used in a resin bath containing acid-producing catalyst and resin, the cross-linking characteristics produce a durable hand. Abrasion resistance may also be noticeably improved. 

TEX-WET 1048 is an excellent wetting agent with low foaming characteristics. Being compatible with both zinc nitrate and magnesium chloride, TEX-WET 1048 is recommended for use as a penetrant in resin baths. 

Wax type water repellent for use on all fabrics resin bath compatible. 

Silicone based water repellent, compatible or in resin baths requires use of CURSIL MD as catalyst. 

Useable in resin baths without affecting resin curing for all fibers—Humectant blend. 

Blended emulsion to prevent sticking and pick off of heavy mixes resin bath stable--non-ionic. 

Excellent antistat agent for polyvinyl acetate and acrylic emulsions not resin bath stable--anionic. 

Work horse softener non-yellowing liquid easily diluted for use in resin baths can be foamed--fatty ester. 

High solids polyethylene emulsion excellent needle lubricant resin bath stable. 

Lubricant for fiberglass prevents needle cutting polypropylene emulsion stable in resin baths,... 

High density polyethylene emulsion can be used in fire retardant finishes resin bath stable Improves fabric properties. 

Polyethylene emulsion that improves fabric properties in resin bath finishes. 

Polyelectrolyte for use in resin baths or alone as a top finish to give a very soft hand reduces needle cutting, durable to laundering has antistat qualities can be exhausted or padded. 

Low soiling resin bath stable cold water soluble gives soft hand—fatty amide. 

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