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Solvent selection renewable

Chapter 3 Renewable Solvent Selection in Medicinal Chemistiy... [Pg.45]

Perhaps the biggest impact will be over the use of solvents since many of the more common organic solvents are under threat from REACH these include N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), dimethylformamide (DMF) and dime-thylacetamide (DMAc). (For more information on solvent substitution guides see Chapter 2, Tools for Facilitating more Sustainable Medicinal Chemistiy , by Helen Sneddon and James Sherwood s Chapter 3 on renewable solvent selection.) The electronics industry has also been subject to chemical legislation that aims to replace especially hazardous substances. RoHS (restriction on hazardous substances) targets certain chemicals, including lead, mercuiy, cadmium chromates and polybrominated flame retardants. ... [Pg.54]

Choice of more benign solvents may also result in easier work-ups, and will certainly be greener (see also Chapters 2 Tools for Facilitating More Sustainable Medicinal Chemistry and 3 Renewable Solvent Selection in Medicinal Chemistry )... [Pg.169]

In the discussions around E factor/mass intensity and solvent selection, we have considered metrics that begin to address Green Chemistry Principle 1 (prevention) and 5 (use safer solvents). Green Chemistry Principle 7 considers the use of renewable resources. [Pg.28]

Laser-activated ECP Wide solvent compatability easily prepared, rapid in situ renewal Sensitive, selective for cations, fast kinetics Expensive, optical window required in cell High background current Yields fast kinetics 1,2 1,2... [Pg.328]

Finally, an elegant example of a product derived from renewable raw materials is the bioemulsifier, marketed by Mitsubishi, which consists of a mixture of sucrose fatty acid esters. The product is prepared from two renewable raw materials - sucrose and a fatty acid - and is biodegradable. In the current process the reaction is catalysed by a mineral acid, which leads to a rather complex mixture of mono- and di-esters. Hence, a more selective enzymatic esterification (Fig. 1.43) would have obvious benefits. Lipase-catalysed acylation is possible [126] but reaction rates are very low. This is mainly owing to the fact that the reaction, for thermodynamic reasons, cannot be performed in water. On the other hand, sucrose is sparingly soluble in most organic solvents, thus necessitating a slurry process. [Pg.35]

Abstract The possible utilization of room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs), instead of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), in the electrochemical procedures of organic synthesis has been discussed. The synthesis of p-lactams, the activation of carbon dioxide and its utilization as renewable carbon source and the carbon-carbon bond formation reactions via umpolung of aldehydes (benzoin condensation and Stetter reaction) and via Henry reaction have been selected as typical electrochani-cal methodologies. The results, related to procedures performed in RTILs, have been compared with those performed in VOCs. The double role of RTILs, as green solvents and parents of electrogenerated reactive intermediates or catalysts, has been emphasized. [Pg.435]

The metal-catalyzed oxidation of carbohydrates with molecular oxygen is a remarkable example of green chemistry because reactants are obtained from renewable resources, processes are conducted under mild conditions with air as oxidizing agent and water as solvent, and reaction products are environmentally benign because of their biodegradability. In addition oxidized carbohydrate derivatives can often be obtained with high selectivity, and the catalysts are recyclable. These catalytic processes are, therefore, potentially very attractive for the preparation of specialties or intermediates employed in the food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries. [Pg.507]


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