Renal Injury Models

Renal injury models such as aminonucleoside-induced nephrosis and adriamycin-induced nephrosis... 

In a model of acute kidney injury we provide the clear evidence that therapy with MSC affords significant renoprotection in rats with I/R ARE. Animals infused with MSC after reperfusion had significantly better renal function, lower renal injury and apoptotic scores, and higher mitogenic indices than vehicle-treated animals ((Lange et al., 2005b Togel et al, 2005). 

NT203 Odoni, G., H. Ogata, C. Viedt, K. Amann, E. Ritz, and S. R. Orth. Cigarette smoke condensate aggravates renal injury in the renal ablation model. Kidney Int 2002 61(6) 2090-2098. 

MODIFICATIONS OF THE METHOD Animal models with spontaneous disease exist and can be used in place of the toxicant-induced models. In addition, an investigator may take advantage of either genetically-modified animals or exploit strain differences in sensitivity to xenobiotics to examine mechanisms of renal injury. 

Kasiske BL, O Donnell MP, Keane WE. The Zucker rat model of obesity, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, and renal injury. Hypertension 1992 19(1 suppl) 1110-5. 

There is a significant increase in cellular proliferation by surviving proximal tubular cells after renal injury in both animal models [68] and human cases of acute tubular necrosis [43] as measured by PCNA... 

The mechanisms of the changes in cell viability during renal injury are incompletely understood. Most of the experimental data have been derived from the ischemia-reperfusion model of acute kidney injury and have focused on necrotic cell death. Because as many as 50% of patients have ischemia-induced acute kidney injury, the observations should be relevant to a large portion of the patients at risk. Also, different stresses initiate common biochemical events, so that understanding the relevant pathways of one stress will most likely be apphcable to others. What follows is a detailed analysis of some of the pathways currently thought to execute cell death in a variety of nephrotoxic insults. 

Knockout" mouse models Compensatory responses Strain differences Gender differences Kidney Specific Gene Targeting Types of renal injury ischemic Nephrotoxic Septic... 

Ischemic, nephrotoxic, and septic rodent models of acute renal injury were developed to study mechanisms of acute kidney injury. Decreasing renal blood flow is critical in the pathophysiology of AKI in humans. Ischemic and other animal models are used to reproduce the morphological features of human disease. 

O Hanley P, Lalonde G, Ji G (1991) Alpha-hemolysin contributes to the pathogenicity of piliated digalactoside-binding Escherichia coli in the kidney efficacy of an alpha-hemolysin vaccine in preventing renal injury in the BALB/c mouse model of pyelonephritis. In Infect Immun 59 1153-1161. 

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