Renaissance period, the

Of the various tempera, egg was the most important in European painting, both in wall and panel painting. It was Htde used outside Europe. The main period of its use was in the Middle Ages and early Renaissance. After the sixteenth century, however, it was rarely used, as drying oils (qv) had become the preeminent media. 

There are some references to herbs in the Bible. However, the Church s main contribution to medicines is the preservation and transcription of Greek medical manuscripts and treatises. This enabled the knowledge developed in the ancient times to be continued and later used in the Renaissance period. 

The Renaissance period laid the foundation for scientific thoughts in medicinal preparations and medical treatments. There were many advances made in... 

C The Improvement Era. The improvement era started in 1980 following major discoveries between 1978 and 1979. The siloxane system of Hat-zakis (7), though reported in 1981, is a unique and promising system. Therefore it was included in the renaissance era. The MLR systems have evolved into either RIE PCM or deep-UV PCM by this time and many of the researchers in this period have been more concerned with applying the MLR principle to improve lithographic performance. A list of the MLR systems reported in this period is shown in Table VIII. Because of the increased volume of publication in this period, the list is meant to be representative rather than exhaustive. 

The early Renaissance period heralded the beginnings of formal therapeutics in the work of Paracelsus (a pseudonym) (1493-1541). A reprobate by reputation, the Swiss physician is considered to be the... 

By the Middle Ages, the upper classes consumed alcohol in abundance, while the peasant population made beer at home. In Italy and France, wine became an important product in commercial markets and continued to be an integral part of the European economy throughout the Renaissance period. Home brewing was largely replaced by the commercial manufacture of beer and wine in Europe by the early eighteenth century. 

Like Jabir before him and Leonardo da Vinci after, Roger Bacon was a great polymath whose mind seems unfettered by the time he lived in. He was frequently accused of sorcery, and endured a period of imprisonment. His work stands at the meeting place of Mediaeval and Modern Europe, and his ideas anticipated both the Renaissance and the Enlightenment he was lauded as a scientist and thinker yet branded a wizard. Some of his inventions had to wait centuries for realisation. 

The past decade where an explosion of interest in oscillations has been witnessed will remain as the renaissance period in the field of research in oscillatory chemical reactions. 

Case studies. The CL immunochemical techniques was applied on genuine old samples in order to evaluate its performance in samples with a natural aging and degradation of target proteins. A sample collected from a wood painting by Nicolo Rondinelli (c. 1450 - c. 1510), an Italian painter of the Renaissance period, was analyzed. Experimental results showed the presence of ovalbumin in the upper-most painting layer, probably due to the use of an egg-based varnish (Fig. 2). 

A millennium or so later, Arab civifizations made great strides in laboratory techniques. Subsequently, during the Renaissance period, these techniques were adopted in trying to transform one element into another, most notably into gold from less costly substances fike lead. This gave the Arabic term alchemy its modern mystical connotation. 

Women used vermillion during the Renaissance period to redden their lips and cheeks. 

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