Reichert value

Many of the tests described involve physical properties such as refractive index, viscosity or melting point of the fat, of the fatty acids or of the lead salts of the fatty acids. However, there were also many chemical tests such as Reichert, Polenske, iodine, saponification and acetyl values. These all gave information as to the composition of the fat, some information as to fatty acid composition, others as to other non-glyceride components of the fat. Thus the iodine value is a measure of unsaturated fatty acids in the fat, now obtainable in more detail from a fatty acid profile. Similarly the Reichert value is a measure of volatile fatty acids soluble in water. For most purposes this means butyric acid, and so the modem equivalent is the determination of butyric acid in the oil. The modem method for milk-fat analysis is thus carrying out the analysis in a similar way to the Reichert determination, but uses a technique that is less dependent on the exact conditions of the analysis and is thus less likely to be subject to operator error. The Reichert value could be useful, in theory, even if milk fat was not present. Lewkowitsch notes that some other oils do give high values. Porpoise jaw oil has a value almost twice that of milk fat, while some other oils also have significant values. It is unlikely that one would have come across much porpoise jaw oil even in 1904, and even less likely today. 

Specific Gravity Solidifying Point Melting Point Saponification Value Iodine Value Reichert Value Hehner Value Thermal Test Heat of Bro-mination Refractive Index ... 

In respect of fatty acid composition (FAC), both CNO and PKO have about the same level of lauric acid (12 0). The main difference is that CNO has about twice as much caprylic (8 0) and capric acid (10 0) but half as much oleic acid (18 1). Before the advent of GLC it was difficult to test for adulteration or to distinguish between CNO and PKO in blends and use was made of the so-called Reichert and Polenske values, which are indicative of the short fatty acids present. These tests are highly empirical, laborious, and not very discriminating between CNO and PKO in blends with other oils. Though obsolete, they are still specified by Codex. The Reichert values for CNO and PKO are 6-8.5 and 4-7 respectively and 13-18 and 8-12 for the Polenske values. (Gunstone et al. 1994, pp. 61 and 85). 

Reichert value Polenske value GLC ranges in fatty acid... 

The Reichert value is the number of millilitres of O.IN aqueous sodium hydroxide solution required to neutralize steam volatile water soluble fatty acids distilled from 5g of an... 

Reichert, J. and Pavlov, A. 2004. Recombinant therapeutics - success rates, market trends and values to 2010. 

Dekant et al. 1988b Nash et al. 1984 Reichert and Schutz 1986 Reichert et al. 1985). At the higher closes urinary excretion values of 5 to 10% were common (Nash et al. 1984 Reichert and Schutz 1986). Some of the hexachlorobutadiene label excreted in the urine originates from the biliary metabolites reabsorbed from the intestinal tract and processed by the kidneys for excretion. 

Reichert, Niering, Holzwarth, et al. (2000) [35] 1 057 850(4) Self-consistent value... 

Mitaru, B.N., Reichert, R.D. and Blair, R. (1983) Improvement of the nutritive value of high tannin sorghums for broiler chickens by high moisture storage (reconstitution). Poultry Science 62, 2065-2072. 

Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) is particularly suited for surface analysis (depth 0.5-1 nm). AES depth profile analysis was employed to determine the thickness and composition of surface reaction layers formed under test conditions in the Reichert wear apparatus in the presence of four different ZDDPs additives at different applied loads (Schumacher et al., 1980). Using elemental sensitivity factors the concentration of the four elements (S, P, O, C) was determined at three locations corresponding to a depth of 1.8, 4.3, and 17 nm. No significant correlation between wear behavior and carbon or oxygen content of the reaction layer was observed. A steady state sulfur concentration is reached after a very short friction path. Contrary to the behavior of sulfur, phosphorus concentration in the presence of ZDDPs increases steadily with friction path, and no plateau value is reached. 

Reichert-Meissl Value Determine as directed under Reichert-Meissl Value, Appendix YU. 

The Reichert-Meissl value is a measure of soluble volatile fatty acids (chiefly butyric and caproic). It is expressed in... 

Values of apparent specific micropore volume, vp, of VPI-5 evaluated from the uptakes determined by Kenny et al. (1992) of various adsorptives at p/pa = 0.4 are recorded in Table 12.7. As before, the adsorbate densities are assumed equal to the respective liquid densities at the operational temperatures. Also included in Table 12.7 are values of vp derived from the measurements of Davis etal. (1989b), Schmidt et al. (1992) and Reichert et al. (1994). The complexity of the behaviour of VPI-5 is... 

Extensive data have been published on the Reichert-Meissl, Polenske, and Kirschner values of mixtures of butter fat, coconut, and palm kernel oils (Table 9) (24-26). Other average characteristics of butter fat are approximately as follows density at 60°C, 0.887 melting point, 38°C titer, 34°C and unsaponifiable matter, 0.4%. The optical properties of butter fat are misleading and are in part contributed by the nonglyceride components. 

The Reichert-MeissI value is the number of milliliters of 0.10 A sodium hydroxide required to neutralize volatile fatty acids (mainly C4 and C6) of 5.0 g of oil. Polenske value is the number of milliliters of 0.10 A sodium hydroxide required to neutralize insoluble fatty acids (mainly C8, CIO, C12) of 5.0-g oil. Typical Reichert-MeissI and Polenske values of coconut oil are 8.4 and 11.5, respectively (33). Both values are significantly high, as expected in coconut oil, which is a rich source of MCFA. 

The Plenske value and Reichert-Meissel values are indicators of steam-volatile water-soluble (butyric, caproic, and caprylic) or water-insoluble (capric and lauric) fatty acids, respectively (37). These tests were designed for detecting... 

Volatile Acids or Reichert-Meissl Value.—The separation of the volatile from the non-volatile acids is accomplished by distillation of the mixed fatty acids after they have been set free from the saponifica-... 

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