References packed towers

References 77 through 90 provide additional information on packed tower wet scrubbers, design and scale-up principles, as well as operational guidance. 

An existing lO-in. I.D. packed tower using 1-inch Berl saddles is to absorb a vent gas in water at 85°F. Laboratory data show the Henry s Law expression for solubility to be y = 1.5x, where y is the equilibrium mol fraction of the gas over water at compositions of x mol fraction of gas dissolved in the liquid phase. Past experience indicates that the Hog for air-water system will be acceptable. The conditions are (refer to Figure 9-68). 

In all the absorption systems any good type of contacting system may be used. For liquid systems this would include packed towers, spray towers, and wet cyclones. Reference 15 gives a list of these devices together with their power requirements and their advantages and disadvantages. 

Tour, R. S. and Lerman, F. Trans. Am. Inst. Chem. Eng. 35 (1939) 709-18. An improved device to demonstrate the laws of frequency distribution. With special reference to liquid flow in packed towers. 

Borden, H. M. and Squires, W. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, S. M. thesis (1937). Absorption of ammonia in a ring-packed tower, (cited in Reference 30). 

The maximum operational capacity or throughput (often also referred to as maximum efficient capacity) is defined (Strigle, Packed Tower Design and Applications, 2d ed., Gulf Publishing, Houston, Tex., 1994) as the Maximum vapor rate that provides normal efficiency of a packing (i.e., point B in Fig. 14-54). The MOC is clear-cut in Fig. 14-54. On the other hand, locating the MOC in other cases is difficult and leaves a lot of room for subjectivity. 

Multicomponent distillation, 393 absorption factor method, 398 azeotropic, 420-426 bubblepoint (BP) method, 406-409 computer program references. 404 concentration profiles, 394 distribution of non-kevs. 395 Edmister method, 398,399 extractive, 412, 417-422 feed tray location, 397 free variables, number of 395 Lewis-Matheson method 404 MESH eauations. 405-407 molecular, 425-427 nomenclature, 405 number of theoretical trays, 397 packed towers, 433-439 petroleum, 411-415 reflux, minimum, 397 reflux, operating, 397 SC (simultaneous correction) method, 408-411... 

Packed tower aeration (PTA), also referred to as packed column aeration (PCA), is a waterfall aeration process that trickles water down through and air flow up through plastic... 

Rev. ed. of Random packings and packed towers, cl987. Includes bibliographical references and index. 

Refer to Fig. 8.23, a schematic representation of a differential section of the packed tower [41). For convenience, the phases are shown separated by a vertical surface. Enthalpies are referred to the pure unmixed components in their normal state of aggregation at some convenient temperature /q and the tower pressure. Liquid enthalpies are given by Eq. (8.12), expressed per mole of solution... 

Design Procedure. The packed height of the tower required to reduce the concentration of the solute in the gas stream from to acceptable residual level ofjy 2 may be calculated by combining point values of the mass transfer rate and a differential material balance for the absorbed component. Referring to a sHce dh of the absorber (Fig. 5),... 

---