Reference code system

The subsequent chapters deal with recent advances in the field of heterocyclic chemistry arranged by increasing ring size and with emphasis on synthesis and reactions. The reference format follows the journal code system employed in Comprehensive Heterocyclic Chemistry. 

A relatively new reference citation system has been employed which rapidly becomes familiar with use and then has distinct advantages over the more common superscript number method. In this system no reference numbers appear in the text, in tables, in footnotes or at the end of chapters. Instead, each time a reference is cited there appears in angle brackets a letter code assigned to the journal, preceded by the year (tens and units only except for non-twentieth century references) and followed by the page number. For... 

This book refers to the following list of unique industry codes, based on the 1997 NAIC code system (NAIC is used by many analysts as a replacement for older SIC codes because NAIC is more specific to today s industry sectors). Companies profiled in this book are given a primary NAIC code, reflecting the main line of business of each firm. 

Once the value-added service has been designed, fees established, and the method(s) for compensation selected, the pharmacist must learn how to submit claims. When providers submit claims to Medicare, Medicaid, or any other third-party payers, the claim typically is submitted on the CMS Form 1500. One exception to this is the hospital outpatient clinic, which uses CMS Form 1450. On CMS Form 1500, information regarding the submitting entity, referring physician, type of services offered, and related health condition is included. To convey this type of information, CPT codes and ICD-9-CM codes are used. These coding systems provide detailed information regarding the types of services provided and the specific health condition in a numerical format. Example CMS 1500 and 1450 forms are available on the CMS Web site (www.CMS.hhs.gov). 

Note "Organic Chemicals" refers to HS (Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System) Code 29. 

Note "Inorganic Chemicals" refers to "inorganic chemicals organic or inorganic compounds of precious metals, of rare-earth metals, of radioactive elements or of isotopes," HS (Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System) Code 28. 

Note "Photographic or Cinematographic Goods" refers to HS (Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System) Code 37. Products in this classification include "photo plates and film, flat, sensitized, unexposed photo film in rolls sensitized, unexposed photo paper, paperboard and textiles, sens, unexposed photo plates, film, paper, etc, exposed, not developed photo plates and still film, exposed developed motion-picture film, exposed and developed photographic chemicals, unmixed products retail packed."... 

Despite the availability of different coding systems, authors typically do not indicate the referential information on a concept they use. This means references to medical ontologies such as the Foundational Model of Anatomy34 or a thesaurus such as the International Classification of Diseases35 are not made explicit in the scientific literature. 

Replacement cartridges and filters come in a wide variety and should be matched to protect the worker from a particular contaminant. Reference information for selection and identification of air purifying canisters and cartridges can be found in 29 CFR 1910.134, Respiratory Protection. This color coding and labeling system enables users to select cartridges which are best suited for a particular contaminant. The basic color coding system is shown in Table 4-2. 

A recent study has compared the NCI-DCT system with the NIH-EPA Chemical Information System for the ability to perform substructure searches of large files of compounds (22). The Merck modification of the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research substructure search system was also compared. This report should be referred to for a detailed analysis of these major substructure systems. Another system, prepared with a smaller computer and a smaller set of chemicals, has been developed by Jurs and colleagues 23). All of these systems can be readily used in substructural analysis studies. It would appear that the exact coding system used in such studies is not critical, but no definitive comparisons of these systems for SAR utility have been performed. 

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