Recovery factor definition

The purpose of this exercise is to identify what parameters need to be further investigated if the current range of uncertainty in reserves is too great to commit to a development. In this example, the engineer may recommend more appraisal wells or better definition seismic to reduce the uncertainty in the reservoir area and the net-to-gross ratio, plus a more detailed study of the development mechanism to refine the understanding of the recovery factor. Afluid properties study to reduce uncertainty in (linked to the shrinkage... 

The definitions above are an abbreviated version of those used in a veiy complex and financially significant exercise with the ultimate goal of estimating resei ves and generating production forecasts in the petroleum industry. Deterministic estimates are derived largely from pore volume calculations to determine volumes of either oil nr gas in-place (OIP, GIP). This volume when multiplied by a recovery factor gives a recoverable quantity of oil or natural gas liquids—commonly oil in standard barrels or natural gas in standard cubic feet at surface conditions. Many prefer to use barrels of oil equivalency (BOE) or total hydrocarbons tor the sum of natural gas, natural gas liquids (NGL), and oil. For comparison purposes 6,000 cubic feet of gas is considered to be equivalent to one standard barrel on a British thermal unit (Btu) basis (42 U.S. gallons). 

Notice that the difference between the adiabatic wall temperature and the actual wall temperature is used in the definition so that the expression will yield a value of zero heat flow when the wall is at the adiabatic wall temperature. For gases with Prandtl numbers near unity the following relations for the recovery factor have been derived ... 

Psychosocial and environmental factors play a major role in the development and recovery from opioid dependence however, a detailed discussion is beyond the scope of this chapter. In general, the use of such drugs as marijuana and alcohol precedes the use of opioids (Clayton and Voss 1981 Kandel and Faust 1975). Although one cannot predict definitively which users will proceed to opioid use, those who do generally have low self-esteem, disrupted families, and/or difficult relationships with their parents. The increased availability of opioids in inner cities of major urban centers contributes to initiation of use and relapse. It is particularly difficult to avoid use and relapse in areas with high unemployment, poor school systems, and high crime rates, because living in such an area may contribute to the very affects opioid use temporarily reheves. 

Various factors require definition when using the LC-MS in a quantitative mode. These include stability testing of the analyte in the sample matrix, selectivity, sensitivity, or level of detection, the limit of quantitation, and recovery levels from the sample matrix. 

Factors relevant in choosing a PT catalyst are stability under reaction conditions, ease of preparation or availability of catalyst, ease of separation or recovery, activity and toxicity. Although no definite guidelines can be given to select the best catalyst for a given reaction system, analysis based on some of these factors can provide a suitable methodology to... 

On the basis of the polymerization alone, it is difficult to specify definite dryer selection rules since typically polymer properties differ over a wide range. The choice of dryer is also limited by the physical properties of the polymers, e.g., polymer-handling characteristics, individual or closely related drying curves, properties of the emitted volatiles, limitations on temperature, and particle size and distribution requirements. Other factors include equipment space limitations, production rates, pollution control requirements, solvent recovery, thermal sensitivity, and product quality specifications. 

While the evidence in the preceding section would suggest a fairly strong correlation between sulphuric acid (with some dry SO2) precipitation and fisheries status, there are one or two complicating factors that require further understanding before definite conclusions can be drawn on the recovery potential to be realised by a reduction in acid precipitation. 

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