Receptor concepts, overview

Christodoulou GN, Malharas DE, Lykouras EP, et al Possible prophylactic effect of sleep deprivation. Am J Psychiatry 135 375-376, 1978 Chrousos GP, Gold PW The concept of stress and stress system disorders overview of physical and behavioral homeostasis [published erratum appears in JAMA 268 200, 1992]. JAMA 267 1244-1252, 1992 Chuang DM Neurotransmitter receptors and phophonositide turnover. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 29 71-110, 1989... 

As macrocyclic chemistry has developed, the variety and scope of the applications of these molecules have continued to multiply. This concluding section is an attempt to provide an overview of only three of the applications of synthetic macrocycles. A particularly insightful treatment can be found in the Nobel Lecture of Jean-Marie Lehn, which describes the concept of supramolecular chemistry from simple recognition, to cation and anion receptors, multiple recognition, catalysis, transport, and molecular devices. 

Previous reviews on peptidomimetics have addressed pseudopeptides (11), macrocyclic mimetics (13), natural product mimetics (14), cyclic protease inhibitors (15), mimetics for receptor ligands (16-22), and earlier general overviews (23-29). This review will focus on the design process itself. Novel peptidomimetics in which the structural relationship between parent peptide and the peptidomimetic has been established by biophysical methods are used to clarify the principles. Successful approaches are highlighted to illustrate how these concepts are currently used. 

Terrestrial wildlife movements are such that site-specific tools are more efficiently used to refine exposure estimate. In this case, site-specific exposure estimates are used and compared with safe thresholds for toxicity, termed toxicity reference values (TRVs). Toxicity reference values for wildlife have been developed for energetic compounds. This chapter presents a brief overview of the processes used to establish these tools for ERA for explosives and related soil contaminants that are frequently of potential ecological concern at the affected military sites. This chapter also provides recommendations for use of these values in the ERA process. Investigations addressing the importance and extent of habitat disturbance as a component of the ERA process on explosives-contaminated ranges are reviewed in Chapter 11. General bioaccumulation principles and applications of the bioaccumulation factor and bioconcentration factor (BAF and BCF, respectively) concepts that are often employed in the ERA process to determine bioaccumulation potential of MC for terrestrial receptors are reviewed in Chapter 10. 

In succeeding paragraphs, an overview of enzymes as catalytic receptors and general concepts of enzyme Inhibitors and their rational design into drugs... 

---