Reasonableness check

Solvent strength determines the value, but not the selectivity. The mobile phase can be established by using the polarity index P proposed by Snyder. The highest values of P represent the strongest solute adsorbed in conventional TLC but represent the weakest for the separation in reversed phases. Sometimes aqueous polar mixtures cannot totally wet the chemically bonded layer. For this reason, checking... 

D5mamic models create a framework to integrate the knowledge bases that exist within a pharmaceutical firm s functional divisions for the purposes of evaluating an NCE s potential. The approach establishes practical boundaries on the realm of possible outcomes from a commercial assessment, providing a solid foundation for reasonability checks of the financial potential for an NCE. As... 

A Food Safety Act infringement caused by a substandard ingredient can be countered with a defence of due diligence . This requires the defendant to establish that all reasonable checks were made to ensure the ingredient was satisfactory and capable of performing as required. Case history is limited but the operative word for small companies must be reasonable . 

A reasonable check of the reliability of the three-term Fourier potential for the butadiene analogs, would have been to calculate a RD-curve by introducing a large amplitude model using the obtained potential to determine P(0) for the whole -interval. 

Maxwell shows a 7480-Btu/lb mol value in his popular Data Book of Hydrocarbons. Compared to the Table 1.10 interpolated value of 7417 Btu/lb mol, this is a reasonable check. Please note that while Maxwell computed each component, here only the MW was used to interpolate an enthalpy value. 

Maxwell shows a calculation of 22,400 Btu/lb mol. This is a 2% difference, which for figure curve reading with interpolation is again a reasonable check. I submit therefore that MW or BP interpolation of Table 1.10 is sufficient. 

While this does not yield single ion coefficients, the calculated product can be compared with that obtained by multiplying the appropriate individual total ion activity coefficients together. Often one of these is much more uncertain than the other, so the approach can be a reasonable check on the more questionable values. 

Fig. 16gives a value of 0.046 for /(0.T) at this temperature. Again, this value may be compared favorably with f(0,Ts) = 0.049 predicted from the WLF equation. Summarizing, we may conclude that for this polymer-solvent system the validity of the free volume theory of diffusion has been reasonably checked with experiment. Results of similar nature can be found in a paper by Fujita, Kishimoto and Matsumoto... 

Data Validation FDA (1995) A process used to determine if data are inaccurate, incomplete, or unreasonable. The process may include format checks, completeness checks, check key tests, reasonableness checks, and limit checks. 

Consider if the results you obtained are reasonable. Check both units and order of magnitude of the calculations. Are the boundary conditions satisfied ... 

Does the answer have volume units Does the volume increase as expected Because the answer to both questions is yes, this solution is reasonable. Check your calculations to make sure your answer is correct. 

Check the answer to see that it is reasonable. Some problems have reasonable checks built in, like the percent composition problems in Section 4.3. If the percentages don t add up to 100%, there is a mistake somewhere. For others, we can use the answer to calculate one of the original values, as in empirical formula problems (Section 4.4). Still others require that we know the range of possibilities for our answer. For example, if we get a molarity of 10,000 M (Section 6.1) we know there is a mistake, because... 

At steady state the diffusion rate leaving by convection should equal that entering by diffusion. These results indicate a reasonable check. Using smaller grids would give even more accuracy. Note that the results for the diffusion rate should be multiplied by 8.0 for the whole chamber. 

Some pharmacists have suggested a stmcture approach to the decision-making process e.g. Ueeds approach, German reason check, Risk-benefit Form. 

In Germany, pharmacists must perform reason checks (Plausibilitatsprufung) to establish the likely safety, quality, and efficacy of the product they want to prepare. The Pharmacy Practice Order (Apothekenbetriebsordnung, ApBetrO) specifies parameters of the preparation formula that must be checked, whether it is a doctor s prescription or self-medication on patient s request. Beyond that, the guideline recommends that the pharmacist considers the overall rationale for treatment. 

A form has been developed (Fig. 2.3) for the performance and documentation of the reason check. Some parts will be dealt with. 

Fig. 2.3 Form for German reason check ([3] translated). Further explanation about items 3, 4 and 5 is given in Sect. 2.2.3.2...

In practice this means that the waste producer must take all reasonable steps to ensure that all the waste is disposed of to suitably licensed sites and not fly-tipped at an unauthorised site. If the waste was not handled correctly and the producer has failed to make reasonable checks, such as that the recipient s waste management licence permits them to take the type and quantity of the waste involved, then the producer could be liable for breach of the Duty of Care. Full checks do not need to be repeated on... 

Include data integrity and reasonableness checks as appropriate... 

The restraint on the power of the States over imports and exports is enforced by all the arguments which prove the necessity of submitting the regulation of trade to the foederal councils. It is needless therefore to remark further on this head, than that the manner in which the restraint is qualified, seems well calculated at once to secure to the States a reasonable discretion in providing for the conveniency of their imports and exports and to the United States a reasonable check against the abuse of this discretion. The remaining particulars of this clause, fall within reasonings which are either so obvious, or have been so fully developed, that they may be passed over without remark. 

This example illustrates the extent to which a surface reaction can be examined based on kinetic measurements. It is seen that even when all reasonable checks are satisfied, there still are possibilities that the reaction may proceed in a way different from the sequence believed to be correct from kinetic information. 

For these reasons, check valves are normally regarded as being only a weak safeguard and should not be relied upon in critical service. As one hazards analysis leader has said If you rely on a check valve to be safe, then you re not safe. Another leader uses a figure of 49 in 50 for check valve rehability in clean service, i.e., he anticipates that a check valve will not work on demand 2% of the time. 

Let us now discuss the mechanism of achieving data freshness and integrity. Each DPU has a data pool. In this pool the DPU records the processed sensor data (if the DPU is connected to a sensor) as well as the data received from the other units. The DPU puts in the pool only the data that have been checked to he non-erroneous. For sensor data, this means that the obtained sensor reading has passed the reasonableness check and the sensor data processing has completed successfully, i.e., no failure flag was raised. For the data received from the other units, the check of their attached checksums has to be successful and the received data packet should not contain an error message. 

Match your mechanism from the previous question with one of the two reaction profiles (solid or dotted line) on the energy diagram in Model 5, and explain your reasoning. (Check that the other reaction profile in Model 5 matehes the mechanism shown at the bottom of the previous page— the one that does not occur.)... 

The gravity of the crude oil is equal to five times that of each of the fractions 1 to 18 inclusive plus ten times the gravity of fraction 19, all divided by 100. The computed gravity is 0.8171, and the actual gravity of the crude oil was 0.8183. This is a reasonable check and is sufficiently accurate for most engineering design work. 

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