Rapid screening systems

Moore, V. A., et al. A rapid screening system to determine drug affinities for the intestinal dipeptide transporter 2 affinities of ACE inhibitors. Int. J. Pharm. 2000, 210, 29-44. 

In general, methods for determining the presence of a biothreat agent can be divided into three categories triggers, rapid screening systems, and confirmatory techniques. Each method is useful for different reasons and provides different types of information. 

Provide rapid screening systems for identifying ptnemial prophylactic agents, survival therapies, or environmental remediators... 

Morrison, Int. J. Pharm., 210, 29 (2000). A Rapid Screening System to Determine Drug Affinities for the Intestinal Dipeptide Transporter 2 Affinities of ACE Inhibitors. 

Guo Z and C L Brooks III 1998. Rapid Screening of Binding Affinities Application of the A-Dynamics Method to a Trypsin-Inhibitor System. Journal of the American Chemical Society 120 1920-1921. 

Immunosensors promise to become principal players ia chemical, diagnostic, and environmental analyses by the latter 1990s. Given the practical limits of immunosensors (low ppb or ng/mL to mid-pptr or pg/mL) and their portabiUty, the primary appHcation is expected to be as rapid screening devices ia noncentralized clinical laboratories, ia iatensive care faciUties, and as bedside monitors, ia physicians offices, and ia environmental and iadustrial settings (49—52). Industrial appHcations for immunosensors will also include use as the basis for automated on-line or flow-injection analysis systems to analyze and control pharmaceutical, food, and chemical processing lines (53). Immunosensors are not expected to replace laboratory-based immunoassays, but to open up new appHcations for immunoassay-based technology. 

Government bodies, inspection services, and laboratories are increasingly interested in knowing and selecting analytical systems that provide rapid and reliable yes-or-no responses rather than detailed chemical information. Screening systems are inter-... 

High throughput screening is one of the hot topics in heterogeneous catalysis. Advanced experimental techniques have been developed to screen and develop solid catalysts for gas-phase systems. However, for catalytic three-phase systems, rapid screening has got much less attention [1-6]. Three-phase catalysis is applied in numerous industrial processes, from synthesis of fine chemicals to refining of crade oil. 

Table 8.39 shows the main features of EDXRF. EDXRF is not able to detect the fine structure of the K, L, M, etc. lines. EDXRF is used for applications which require measurement of a limited number of elements, and where the resolution and ultralow detection limits of wavelength-dispersive systems are not necessary. For example, EDXRF has been used as a rapid screening technique for the determination of Br and Sb in plastic recyclate at a LOD of 5 ppm [230] the method was validated by means of NAA [231]. Conventional EDXRF systems and benchtop units have a limited detection capability for low-Z-elements and cannot directly measure fluorine in processing aids. 

Jebanathirajah, J. A. Andersen, S. Blagoev, B. Roepstorff, P. A rapid screening method to monitor expression of recombinant proteins from various prokaryotic and eukaryotic expression systems using matrix-assisted laser desorption ioniza-tion-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Anal. Biochem. 2002, 305, 242-250. 

Guo, Z.Y. Brooks in, C.L., Rapid screening of binding affinities application of the lambda-dynamics method to a trypsin-inhibitor system, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998,120, 1920-1921... 

Nevertheless, this study shows that CAE is a reliable detection system for rapid screening. It also suggests that larger libraries need to be prepared and screened. 

Probably the most sensitive biosensor for rapid screening has been the ORIGIN electrochemiluminescence system (IGEN, Gaithersburg, MD). The primary reason for the ORIGIN S enhanced sensitivity is that it preconcentrates the target prior to the assay. Immunomagnetic beads are... 

Korfmacher, W. A. et al. 1999. Development of an automated mass spectrometry system for the quantitative analysis of liver microsomal incubation samples A tool for rapid screening of new compounds for metabolic stability. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 13 901. 

Microbial biocatalytic systems, 76 398 Microbial biocontrol agents, 73 347-348 foliar application of, 73 349 phytotoxin production and, 73 351 problems associated with, 73 348-349 shelf life and storage of, 73 350 Microbial biomass, 26 471 474 substrates for, 26 473-474 Microbial catalysts, rapid screening of, 76 405... 

Bondy, S.C. (1979). Rapid screening of neurotoxic agents by in vivo means. In Effects of Food and Drugs on the Development and Function of the Nervous System Methods for Predicting Toxicity. Gryder, R.M. and Frankos, VFL, (Eds.) Office of Health Affairs, FDA, Washington, D.C., pp. 133-143. 

ExPASy (Expert Protein Analysis System, www.expasy.ch) or the National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI, www.ncbi.nlm.gov) websites. Both websites provide bioinformatics tools, links to sequence databases and extensive bibliographic resources. As an example of the wealth of information available on individual enzymes, at the time of writing a search based on nitrilase in the Entrez protein section of NCBI will recover more than 10000 references to nitrilase enzyme amino acid sequences. These can be rapidly screened online by organism, and the individual entries will have links to amino acid and gene sequence, relevant literature and information on protein features (such as conserved domains). 

Kennedy et al. [57] have described the use of an intelligent chiral resolution system using a rapid screening of conditions on polysaccharide CSP, aiming to transfer the separation to preparative LC afterward. For the analytical part of the strategy, lO-pm particles were used for the preparative section, the particles had a 20-ttm diameter. The screening performs 11 experiments on analytical columns, which are displayed in Table 3.3. Chiralpak AD, Chiralcel OD, Chiralcel OJ, and Chiralpak AS are the considered stationary phases, and they are analyzed either in POSC or NPLC mode. The... 

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